In this paper we propose an architecture for using crossorganization information sharing to identify members of a group of hosts enslaved for malicious purposes on the Internet. We root our system in so-called “detectives”— savvy network monitors like sophisticated intrusion detection systems or honeyfarms that have a deep understanding of malicious behavior. We augment information from these d...

The enforced migration of Africans to the Americas in conditions of slavery lasted from the middle of the sixteenth century until the 1860s and constituted the largest movement of people across the Atlantic until the middle of the nineteenth century. Referred to as the notorious “Middle Passage” because of the terrible conditions on board slave ships, this migration involved at least 12 million...

It is difficult to make sweeping statements about the status of women during the first century because there were exceptions to any characterization that might be made. However, there were laws, widely accepted codes, and assumptions regarding roles of women. These provide insight into the sort of life women lived during this period. As might be expected, there was a wide range of lifestyles fo...

We analyze a multiple-activity, principal-agent model in which the activities are naturally substitutable for the agent and complementary for the principal. A basic result is that the optimal compensation must cause the agent to view the activities as complements. This complementarity is achieved by employing a compensation scheme that is typically nonmonotone and makes success on multiple dime...

Non-price competition strategy is a major health policy concern in many countries. This paper studies the treatment specialization choice and quality level competition among hospitals. We extend a two-stage spatial duopoly model, with the partially altruistic providers firstly choosing specialization and then determining quality level when the treatment price is set exogenously by central plann...

This research applies the Collective Specialization NeuroEvolution (CONE) method to the problem of evolving neural controllers in a simulated multi-robot system. The multi-robot system consists of multiple pursuer (predator) robots, and a single evader (prey) robot. The CONE method is designed to facilitate behavioral specialization in order to increase task performance in collective behavior s...

A practical method is presented that permits retrieval from a table in constant time. The method is suitable for large tables and consumes, in practice, O(n) space for n table elements. In addition, the table and the hashing function can be constructed in O(n) expected time. Variations of the method that offer different compromises between storage usage and update time are presented.

Americans are immigrants—people whose origins are various but whose destinies made them American. Immigration—voluntary or involuntary—is what created all multiracial and multicultural nations. The United States is a prime example. Sometimes the migrants moved freely from the area of origin to the area of destination. Such was the experience of the European immigrants. Sometimes their movement ...

An ordered minimal perfect hash table is one in which no collisions occur among a prede ned set of keys, no space is unused and the data are placed in the table in order. A new method for creating ordered minimal perfect hash functions is presented. It creates hash functions with representation space requirements closer to the theoretical lower bound than previous methods. The method presented ...

This paper examines the environmental experiences of middle and working class whites and people of color in the United States during the 19 th and 20 th centuries. It examines their activism and how their environmental experiences influenced the kinds of discourses they developed. The paper posits that race, class, and gender had profound effects on people's environmental experiences, and conse...