The authors present the central capacity sharing (CCS) model and derive equations describing its behaviors to explain results from dual-task situations. The predictions of the CCS model are contrasted with those of the central bottleneck model. The CCS model predicts all of the hallmark effects of the psychological refractory period (PRP) pardigm: -1 slope of the PRP effect at short stimulus on...

Stimuli that are clearly positive or negative (hence valence-laden stimuli) have the potential to interrupt unrelated task processing. A typical example is the emotional Stroop effect (ESE) in which responding to a certain task feature (e.g., color) is delayed by the presentation of task-irrelevant valent stimuli (e.g., negative pictures) compared to valence-neutral stimuli. Here we scrutinize ...

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of increased folic acid intake on the prevalence of neural tube defects (NTD) in The Netherlands. STUDY DESIGN Using the capture-recapture method, the prevalence of NTD was estimated on the basis of five different registries on births affected by NTD. RESULTS Total prevalence over the 1988-1998 period varied between 1.43 and 1.96 per 1000 live and still births....

We aimed to investigate whether periconceptional maternal folate status affects human embryonic cerebellar size and growth trajectories. In a prospective periconceptional cohort participants filled out questionnaires and received weekly transvaginal 3D-ultrasounds between 7+0 and 12+6 weeks gestational age (GA). Viable non-malformed singleton pregnancies were selected for cerebellar measurement...

BACKGROUND The birth prevalence of congenital heart defects (CHDs) has decreased in Canada and Europe. Recommended intake of folic acid in pregnancy is a suggestive risk-reducing factor for CHDs. We investigated the association between periconceptional intake of folic acid supplements and infant risk of CHDs. METHODS Information on maternal intake of folic acid supplements before and during p...

Periconceptional use of folic acid alone or in multivitamin supplements is effective for the primary prevention of neural-tube defects. The Hungarian randomized and two-cohort controlled trials showed that periconceptional multivitamin supplementation can reduce the occurrence of some other structural birth defects, i.e. congenital abnormalities. These findings were supported by many, but not a...

Abstract. Given a doubling measure μ on R, it is a classical result of harmonic analysis that Calderón-Zygmund operators which are bounded in L(μ) are also of weak type (1, 1). Recently it has been shown that the same result holds if one substitutes the doubling condition on μ by a mild growth condition on μ. In this paper another proof of this result is given. The proof is very close in spirit...