INTRODUCTION The periosteum serves as a stabilizing boundary membrane to the bone it envelops and is known to contain pluripotent and osteochodroprogenitor cells. Periosteal cells have been shown to have the capacity to infill critical sized defects with proliferative woven bone within weeks of injury [1,2]. Critical sized defect healing has been shown to be maximal when cells egress from perio...

A new procedure for the direct determination of picomolar levels of iron in seawater is presented. Cathodic stripping voltammetry (CSV) is preceded by adsorptive accumulation of the iron(III)-2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) complex from seawater, containing 20 microM DHN at pH 8.0, onto a static mercury drop electrode, followed by reduction of the adsorbed species. The reduction current is catal...

BACKGROUND The adaptive nature of bone formation under mechanical loading is well known; however, the molecular and cellular mechanisms in vivo of mechanical loading in bone formation are not fully understood. To investigate both mechanisms at the early response against mechanotransduction in vivo, we employed a noninvasive 3-point bone bending method for mouse tibiae. It is important to invest...

Bone mass, bone geometry and its changes are based on trabecular and cortical bone remodeling. Whereas the effects of estrogen loss, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), glucocorticoid (GC) and bisphosphonate (BP) on trabecular bone remodeling have been well described, the effects of these conditions on the cortical bone geometry are less known. The present review will report current knowledge on the eff...

The present work defines a modified critical size rabbit ulna defect model for bone regeneration in which a non-resorbable barrier membrane was used to separate the radius from the ulna to create a valid model for evaluation of tissue-engineered periosteal substitutes. Eight rabbits divided into two groups were used. Critical defects (15 mm) were made in the ulna completely eliminating perioste...

: The periosteum, a composite cellular connective tissue, bounds all nonarticular bone surfaces. Like Velcro, collagenous Sharpey's fibers anchor the periosteum in a prestressed state to the underlying bone. The periosteum provides a niche for mesenchymal stem cells. Periosteal lifting, as well as injury, causes cells residing in the periosteum (PDCs) to change from an immobile, quiescent state...

OBJECTIVE Bone loss and periosteal expansion is found after menopause. The accelerated early postmenopausal bone loss is not permanent but if the same accounts for the periosteal expansion is unknown. METHODS Bone mineral density (BMD) and skeletal structure of the distal forearm were followed from menopause and on average 24 years (range 18-28) by single-photon absorptiometry at 12 occasions...

How bones respond dynamically to mechanical loading through changes in shape and structure is poorly understood, particularly with respect to variations between bones. Structurally, cortical bones adapt in vivo to their mechanical environments primarily by modulating two processes, modeling and Haversian remodeling. Modeling, defined here as the addition of new bone, may occur in response to me...

The mass of growing bones increases through changes in outer dimensions and through the net addition of tissue on inner bone surfaces. In this overview I examine bone accrual as it occurs on trabecular (inner) and periosteal (outer) surfaces. In the axial skeleton, the amount of trabecular bone increases during development, because trabeculae grow thicker as a result of bone remodeling with a p...

Cathodic adsorptive stripping voltammetry (CASV) was applied for the determination of rutin in pharmaceuticals, human urine, and blood serum. An electrochemical stripping procedure for trace measurements of rutin was developed based on the adsorption of the Cu2þ-rutin complex on a hanging mercury drop electrode and applied to the quantification of the drug. Cyclic voltammetry was used to charac...