Immune suppression associated with morbillivirus infections may influence the mortality rate by allowing secondary bacterial infections that are lethal to the host to flourish. Using an in vitro proliferation assay, we have shown that all members of the genus Morbillivirus inhibit the proliferation of a human B-lymphoblast cell line (BJAB). Proliferation of freshly isolated, stimulated bovine a...

6. Wielders CC, van Binnendijk RS, Snijders BE, Tipples GA, Cremer J, Fanoy E, et al. Mumps epidemic in orthodox religious low-vaccination communities in the Netherlands and Canada, 2007 to 2009. Euro Surveill. 2011;16:pii=19989. 7. Whelan J, van Binnendijk R, Greenland K, Fanoy E, Khargi M, Yap K, et al. Ongoing mumps outbreak in a student population with high vaccination coverage, Netherlands...

Peste des petits ruminants virus, which causes a severe disease in sheep and goats, has only recently been officially declared to be present in Tanzania. An epidemiological study was carried out between September 2008 and October 2010 to investigate the incursion, persistence and spread of the virus in Tanzania. The investigation involved serosurveillance, outbreak investigation and computation...

An analysis of the responses received shows that, in Europe, nearly two thirds of the countries have a certain degree of epidemiological surveillance for diseases and pathogens in wildlife. Rabies, trichinellosis, infection of wild birds with a highly pathogenic or low pathogenic avian influenza virus, alveolar echinococcosis, bovine tuberculosis, classical swine fever and African swine fever w...

Lyophilization stabilizes the biological materials by using two overlapping drying procedure i.e. primary drying by sublimation of the ice crystal from frozen material and secondary drying or desorption by evaporation of the free water adsorbed into the dried product. Three different stabilizers i.e. lactalbumin hydrolysate-sucrose, Weybridge medium and lactalbumin hydrolysate-manitol were used...

Signalling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) has been identified as an immune cell receptor for the morbilliviruses, measles (MV), canine distemper (CDV), rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants (PPRV) viruses, while CD46 is a receptor for vaccine strains of MV. More recently poliovirus like receptor 4 (PVRL4), also known as nectin 4, has been identified as a receptor for MV, CDV and PPRV...

A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA) which detects antibodies unique to rinderpest virus (RPV) has been developed. This test can differentiate antibodies against RPV and those against peste des petits ruminants virus. The recombinant RPV hemagglutinin (H)-protein C-ELISA (recH C-ELISA) is based on the ability of a well-characterized monoclonal antibody (MAb) produced with t...