Lakes and reservoirs throughout the world are increasingly adversely affected by cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs). The development spatiotemporal distributions of governed complex physical mixing transport processes that interact with physiological affecting growth loss bloom-forming species. Individual-based models (IBMs) can provide a valuable tool for exploring integrating som...

CMOS technology dominates the semiconductor industry, and reliability of MOSFETs is a key issue. To optimize chip design, trade-offs between reliability, speed, power consumption, cost must be carried out. This requires modeling prediction device instability, major source instability aging, where defects gradually build up eventually cause malfunction circuits. paper first gives an overview agi...