In continuous speech, it is believed that the pitch contour of the same syllable may vary a lot due to its different context information. To apply the Parallel Encoding and Target Approximation (PENTA) model to Mandarin speech synthesis and improve its prediction accuracy, this paper proposed a method to predict pitch contours for Chinese syllables with different contexts by combining the Class...

Pitch, our perception of how high or low a sound is on a musical scale, is a fundamental perceptual attribute of sounds and is important for both music and speech. After more than a century of research, the exact mechanisms used by the auditory system to extract pitch are still being debated. Theoretically, pitch can be computed using either spectral or temporal acoustic features of a sound. We...

Pitch changes that occur in speech and melodies can be described in terms of contour patterns of rises and falls in pitch and the actual pitches at each point in time. This study investigates whether training can improve the perception of these different features. One group of ten adults trained on a pitch-contour discrimination task, a second group trained on an actual-pitch discrimination tas...

Iterated ripple noise (IRN) is a type of pitch-evoking stimulus that is commonly used in neuroimaging studies of pitch processing. When contrasted with a spectrally matched Gaussian noise, it is known to produce a consistent response in a region of auditory cortex that includes an area antero-lateral to the primary auditory fields (lateral Heschl's gyrus). The IRN-related response has often bee...

A comparative performance study of seven pitch detection algorithms was conducted, A speech data base, ccnsisting of eight utterances spoken by 3 males, 3 females, and 1 child was constructed. Telephone, close talking microphone, and widetand recordings ware made of each of the utterances. For each of the utterances in the data base a "standard" pitch contour was serniautonatically neasured usi...

Electrophysiological studies demonstrate that the neural coding of pitch is modulated by language experience and the linguistic relevance of the auditory input; both rightward and leftward asymmetries have been observed in the hemispheric specialization for pitch. In music, pitch is encoded using two primary features: contour (patterns of rises and falls) and interval (frequency separation betw...

BACKGROUND Impaired auditory performance has been considered as marker for depression. The present study tested whether pitch perception is affected in depression and whether the impairment is task-specific or reflects global dysfunction. METHODS Twelve depressive in-patients and 12 non-depressive participants, half of the sample women, volunteered. The participants performed pitch identifica...

Music processing is influenced by pitch perception and memory. Additionally these features interact, with pitch memory performance decreasing as the perceived distance between two pitches decreases. This study examined whether or not the difficulty of pitch discrimination influences pitch retention by testing individuals with congenital amusia. Pitch discrimination difficulty was equated by det...

In this article, cognitive and musicological aspects of pitch and pitch interval representations are explored via computational modeling. The specific task under investigation is pitch spelling, that is, how traditional score notation can be derived from a simple unstructured 12-tone representation (e.g., pitch-class set or MIDI pitch representation). This study provides useful insights both in...

Application of nanofluid and coiled tubes are two passive methods for increasing the heat transfer. In the present study, the turbulent flows of water and nanofluid in coiled tubes heat exchanger were numerically studied. CuO-water nanofluid containing 1 vol% copper oxide nanoparticles was used and single-phase approach was considered for nanofluid flow. The effect of different geometrical para...