The defecation reflex is composed of rectal distension-evoked rectal (R-R) reflex contractions and synchronous internal anal sphincter (R-IAS) reflex relaxations in guinea pigs. These R-R and R-IAS reflexes are controlled via extrinsic sacral excitatory nerve pathway (pelvic nerves), lumbar inhibitory nerve pathways (colonic nerves) and by intrinsic cholinergic excitatory and nitrergic inhibito...

Ripe jackfruit is among the favorite fruits of many people. However, what usually eaten pulp. The other parts, known as co-products like rags, peel, pith, seeds and seed coat are just thrown away wastes. This study was conducted to find out if can be made into a high value product wine determine physico–chemical sensory qualities produced from co-products. had five treatments, with type represe...

introduction ensiling is one of the common preserving methods for forage or other organic materials. in this method, organic matters were preserved by proving an aerobic condition and then by reducing the ph with increasing acids production (mainly lactic acid). some circumstances like enough soluble carbohydrates, low buffering capacity and appropriate dry matter concentration are needed in en...

Prev-ious attempts to (letermiinle the capacity of various tissues to destrov auxini have consiste(l of measuring either residual inidoleacetic acid (IAA) colorimetrically (2) following, or O., uptake manometrically (4) during, incubation. Galston anid Dalberg (2). using a colorimetric method, first reported a positive correlation with age in respect to the capacity of tissues to destrov auxin ...

CONTEXT Wood specific gravity is a key element in tropical forest ecology. It integrates many aspects of tree mechanical properties and functioning and is an important predictor of tree biomass. Wood specific gravity varies widely among and within species and also within individual trees. Notably, contrasted patterns of radial variation of wood specific gravity have been demonstrated and relate...

Wood specific gravity (SG) has long been used by foresters as an index for wood properties. More recently, SG has been widely used by ecologists as a plant functional trait and as a key variable in estimates of biomass. However, sampling wood to determine SG can be problematic; at present, the most common method is sampling with an increment borer to extract a bark-to-pith core—a difficult task...

Through close analysis of interwar French representations the pith helmet, both visual and textual, I trace array significations to which this single form material culture was harnessed as it moved between France Afrique Occidentale Française. Though born a vulnerability specific white, European bodies, headwear's distinctive, recognizable became an emblem imperial power for those same bodies. ...