HISTORY OF THE TAP BLOCK Abdominal field blocks and costo-iliac block have been used in anaesthesia for surgery involving the anterior abdominal wall for several decades. A technique involving multiple injections of local anaesthetic in the abdominal wall was used in the 1980s.1 This technique was improved with a blind landmark technique, via the ‘lumbar triangle of Petit’.2 The clinical effica...

The geometry of the Heisenberg group acting on plane arises naturally in geometric topology as a degeneration familiar spaces $\mathbb{S}^2,\mathbb{H}^2$ and $\mathbb{E}^2$ via conjugacy limit defined by Cooper, Danciger, Wienhard. This paper considers deformation regeneration structures orbifolds, adding carefully worked low-dimensional example to existing literature transitions. In particular...

twelve left camel forelimbs were collected, and ultrasonography was performed at five different levels around the metacarpal region. limbs were then cut in the transverse plane at levels corresponding to the ultrasound images. transverse and sagittal plane images were taken at each of the five levels, keeping all ultrasound imaging factors constant. echogenicity, diameter, width and cross secti...

this paper uses a psopc model based non-destructive damage identification procedure using frequency and modal data. the objective function formulation for the minimization problem is based on the frequency changes. the method is demonstrated by using a cantilever beam, four-bay plane truss and two-bay two-story plane frame with different scenarios. in this study, the modal data are provided nume...

this paper describes the design of a 2x2 micro strip patch antenna array in the frequency of 9.5ghz for radar applications, using substrate integrated waveguide, siw, for feeding network. the micro strip patches are aperture-coupled with the feeding network of siw. the feeding network consisting of a perpendicular coax-to-siw transition and two y-junction power dividers. the antenna is simulate...