Introduction: Laryngotracheal intubation and co2 pneumoperitoneum in laproscopic surgery is associated with significant stress response. In this prospective, randomized study, we investigated the efficacy of magnesium sulfate and clonidine to prevent adverse hemodynamic stress response. Methodology: 60 patients of either sex (18-60yrs) undergoing elective laproscopy surgery were randomly divide...

Introduction The vast majority of patients presenting with pneumoperitoneum have visceral organ perforation and require urgent diagnostic laparoscopy. Nonsurgical causes are relatively rare and may be attributed to multiple etiologies. Case Presentation Here we describe the case of a 38-year-old Caucasian female who presented to the emergency department with three days of cramping, epigastric...

BACKGROUND Carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum induces peritoneal oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of intra-abdominal pressure on oxidative stress in the peritoneum and on post-operative adhesion formation. METHODS Forty-one rabbits underwent laparoscopic surgery: either gasless, or with CO(2)-pneumoperitoneum at pressures of 5, 10 or 15 mmHg. Serial parietal perit...

Experimental studies indicate that oxidative stress during and after laparoscopic surgery may cause liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of ischemic preconditioning against liver damage during pneumoperitoneum on oxidative stress. Twenty one New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups of seven animals. Control group (C) rabbits received anesthe...

BACKGROUND Carbon dioxide (CO2) pneumoperitoneum facilitates the visualization of abdominal organs during laparoscopic surgery. However, the associated increase in intra-abdominal pressure causes oxidative stress, which contributes to tissue injury. OBJECTIVE We investigated the ability of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drug Erdosteine to prevent CO2 pneumoperitoneum-induced oxidative ...

In this study, the impacts of different ventilation modes on respiratory mechanics, blood gas and hemodynamics in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) were compared. 60 LC patients were divided into 3 groups: group L (low tidal volume), group L + P (low tidal volume + positive end expiratory pressure) and group C (large tidal volume). Endotracheal intubation was placed ...

THE ANATOMY and physiology of the distal oesophagus is well established and the radiological boundaries of hiatus hernia are well defined so that uncertainty in diagnosis is now unnecessary. Nevertheless, correlation between the radiological evidence of hiatus hernia and the symtomatology is incomplete. Large hernias may exist with minimal or no symptoms; conversely, severe symptoms often accom...

Pneumoperitoneum may give rise to several respiratory changes; nevertheless, no comprehensive analysis of respiratory mechanics has been performed under this condition. Respiratory mechanics and thoracoabdominal morphometry were evaluated in six sedated, anaesthetized, paralysed, and mechanically-ventilated rats before (control) and during pneumoperitoneum. After airway occlusion at end-inspira...

BACKGROUND Carbon dioxide (CO(2)) is absorbed during pneumoperitoneum and may cause adverse haemodynamic effects. The aim of this study was to measure the elimination of exogenous CO(2) during laparoscopy in children. METHODS Ten children [27.6 (56.5) months; mean (SD)] undergoing laparoscopic and nine [24.5 (17.3) months] undergoing open surgery were studied. Breath samples were collected at...

OBJECTIVES The direct trocar insertion technique (DTI) for the creation of pneumoperitoneum has been described as an alternative to open and Veress needle (VN) techniques. This study assesses the safety and feasibility of direct trocar insertion without a pre-existing pneumoperitoneum in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic procedures. METHODS From November 2001 to February 2006, we retr...