Distributed representations allow the effective number of Gaussian components in a mixture model, or state of an HMM, to be increased without dramatically increasing the number of model parameters. Various forms of distributed representation have previously been investigated. In this work it shown that the product of experts (PoE) framework may be viewed as a distributed representation when the...

A modular parallel robotic system consists of a collection of individual standard units that can be assembled into various robot configurations for a diversity of task requirements. This paper is focused on the design and kinematic analysis of modular reconfigurable parallel robots. A set of fundamental modules is considered. A local frame representation of the ProductOfExponentials (POE) formu...

One of the most troubling and persistent challenges for Bayesian Confirmation Theory is the Problem of Old Evidence (POE, Glymour 1980). The problem arises for anyone who wants to model confirmation and theory appraisal in science by means of Bayesian Conditionalization. This paper addresses the problem as follows: First, I clarify the nature and the varieties of the POE, following Eells (1985,...

This study examines whether microfinance institutions (MFIs) that serve women borrowers at the base of the economic pyramid are likely to adopt a written code of positive organizational ethics (POE). Using econometric analysis of operational and economic data of a sample of MFIs from across the world, we find that two contextual factors—poverty level and lack of women’s empowerment—moderate the...

in this paper we construct the category of coverings of fundamental generalized lie group-groupoid associatedwith a connected generalized lie group. we show that this category is equivalent to the category of coverings of aconnected generalized lie group. in addition, we prove the category of coverings of generalized lie groupgroupoidand the category of actions of this generalized lie group-gro...

‎in this paper‎, ‎we introduce the structure of a groupoid associated to a vector field‎ ‎on a smooth manifold‎. ‎we show that in the case of the $1$-dimensional manifolds‎, ‎our‎ ‎groupoid has a‎ ‎smooth structure such that makes it into a lie groupoid‎. ‎using this approach‎, ‎we associated to‎ ‎every vector field an equivalence‎ ‎relation on the lie algebra of all vector fields on the smooth...

We introduce a new kind of groupoid—a pseudo étale groupoid, which provides many interesting examples of noncommutative Poisson algebras as defined by Block, Getzler, and Xu. Following the idea that symplectic and Poisson geometries are the semiclassical limits of the corresponding quantum geometries, we quantize these noncommutative Poisson manifolds in the framework of deformation quantizatio...

We consider the Poisson sigma model associated to a Poisson manifold. The perturbative quantization of this model yields the Kontsevich star product formula. We study here the classical model in the Hamiltonian formalism. The phase space is the space of leaves of a Hamiltonian foliation and has a natural groupoid structure. If it is a manifold then it is a symplectic groupoid for the given Pois...