Political legitimacy is one of the basic and major concepts of political science especially      political thought. Different views of the meaning and the concept of political legitimacy go back to the roots of political legitimacy. In this article by using a comparative style, the author will attempt to      compare the concept of political legitimacy in Imam Khomeini and Jurgen Habermas's th...

How does the size of the legislative prize, particularly the internal organization of legislatures, shape the legislative party system? While existing studies focus upon the electoral system and the regime type, we argue that the nationalization and fragmentation of the national legislative party system are related to the size of the legislative prize itself: that is, how the legislature’s inte...

political participation can be considered as one of the indices in social and political development in different countries. women, who are commonly included in a society, can have essential roles to control a community and its political, social and cultural developments as well. therefore investigating women's political behavior is especially important to political and dynamical stabilitie...

In most democracies, the majority of education expenditures is financed by the government. In non-democracies, we observe a wide variation in the mix of public and private funding of education. In addition, countries with high inequality tend to rely more heavily on private schooling. We develop a theory which integrates private decision on education and fertility with voting on public educatio...

This article argues that public health researchers have often ignored the analysis of wealth in the quest to understand the social determinants of health. Wealth concentration and the inequities in wealth between and within countries are increasing. Despite this scare accurate data are available to assist the analysis of the health impact of this trend. Improved data collection on wealth distri...

This paper discusses and seeks to quantify the effects of improved donor coordination on aid effectiveness. Empirical estimates are first provided of the reductions in transaction costs that can be achieved by better donor coordination via concentration to fewer partner countries and a shift from project aid to programme-based approaches. Further estimates are presented showing how much could b...

This paper proposes that Colonialism is a major explanation behind today’s differences in Income Inequality among countries. We argue that colonies that received an important number of European settlers were characterized by a concentration of economic and political power in the hands of these last ones. Moreover, European settlers later achieved independence from the metropolis and were able t...

We develop a theory for a transition economy under which an unbalanced development strategy that favors special economic zones emerges as a response to two critical problems: (1) political pressure to satisfy certain social expenditure requirements, and (2) the lack of institutions to constrain the state from expropriation. By promoting the concentration of resources in some areas, a low equili...

We provide an explanation for why estate taxation is surprisingly little used over the world, given the skewness of the estate distribution. Taxing estates implies meddling with intra-family decisions, which may be frown upon by many. At the same time, the concentration of estates means that a low proportion of the population stands to gain a lot by decreasing estate taxation. We provide an ana...