A major consequence of years of exclusion and neglect is that past attempts to change the social and economic conditions of Afro Latin American (AFLA) Communities have often been hampered by low selfesteem and significant degrees of internal apathy. This was often coupled with a deep sense of alienation from many of the regional and national institutions that are mandated to direct programs and...

The Iranian plateau is an ideal area for investigating the relationship be? tween ecological and sociological factors because of its stark aridity, on the one hand, and its historical role as a meeting place of ethnic and cultural movements on the other. The part of the plateau which forms the southeast corner of Persia is particularly interesting from this point of view. Over an area of some 2...

Organizations around the world are faced with a multitude of economic, social, ethical, and geo-political challenges. The uncertainty of the current economic crisis is limiting growth and innovation across market sectors. The globalization of international trade has created more complex and interdependent flows of people, goods, funds, and technology across national boundaries. More people than...

The politics of hope of this article is rooted in the local leadership of low income, repressed communities. One central element of the politics of hope is redemptive organizations. These organizations are a variant of voluntary associations that are distinguished by their explicitly political purpose of social transformation and concomitant requirement of personal sacrifice and transformation....