We demonstrate an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on GaAs pumped with linearly polarized and circularly polarized light and show that the relative OPO thresholds agree with theoretical expectations. For the circularly polarized pump, the threshold was as low as for the [111]-linearly polarized pump case. The pump was also passed through a Lyot depolarizer to produce pseudo-depolarized...

An interest in the on-purpose production of 1,3-butadiene (1,3-BD) has grown, as a consequence decline naphtha cracking for ethene and propene, products that can now be produced economically by thermal dehydrogenation ethane propane contained natural gas. In this study, mechanism kinetics n-butane to 1,3-BD are explored over atomically distributed Pt sites grafted onto dealuminated zeolite BEA ...

We report absolute grand total cross sections (TCSs) for electron scattering from 1-butene (H2C=CHCH2CH3) and 2-methylpropene (H2C=C(CH3)2) molecules, measured at electron impact energies ranging from 1 to 400 eV and from 1 to 350 eV, respectively, using a linear electron-transmission technique. The general shape of cross sections for both butene isomers looks similar. Two structures in each TC...

Methane was directly converted to butene liquid fuel by microwave-induced non-oxidative catalytic dehydrogenation under 0.1-0.2 MPa. The results show that, under microwave heating in a two-stage fixed-bed reactor, in which nickel powder and NiO x -MoOy/SiO2 are used as the catalyst, the methane-hydrogen mixture is used as the raw material, with no acetylene detected. The methane conversion is m...

During the past two decades, there have been tremendous developments in near-field imaging and local probing techniques. Examples are the Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), Near-field Scanning Optical Microscope (NSOM), Photon Scanning Tunneling Microscope (PSTM), and Scanning Thermal Microscope (SThM).Results showed that the average reflectance for a dopant con...

We report a systematic study about the anisotropic third-order optical nonlinearity of a single ZnO micro/nanowire by using the Z-scan method with a femtosecond laser. The two-photon absorption coefficient and nonlinear refraction index, which are measured as a function of polarization angle and sample orientation angle, exhibit oscillation curves with a period of π/2, indicating a highly polar...

The Magnetic Resonance Force Microscope (MRFM) presents the opportunity for a magnetic resonance imaging probe with ultra-high, potentially atomic-scale, resolution. The successful application of this technique in detection of nuclear magnetic, electron-spin and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) highlights its significant potential. We discuss the capabilities of the MRFM with particular emphasis o...

We present, experimentally and theoretically, a polymer material system that supports optical spatial solitons of circular polarization. We demonstrate one-dimensional circularly polarized dark solitons supported by photoisomerization nonlinearity in a bulk polymer.