A major hurdle in pharmaceutical formulation is water insolubility of most of drugs affecting their stability and bioavailability. If the drug is also insoluble in organic medium, it is difficult to deliver it in a sufficiently bioavailable form and hence it is a great challenge to formulation researchers to overcome such difficulty. Although some approaches are available for enhancing th...

We prove a completeness theorem for K:l, the infinitary extension of the graded version K O of the minimal normal logic K , allowing conjunctions and disjunctions of countable sets of formulas. This goal is achieved using both the usual tools of the normal logics with graded modalities and the machinery of the predicate infinitary logics in a version adapted to modal logic. Mathematics Subject ...

Let $R$ be a $G$-graded ring and M $R$-module. We define the graded primary spectrum of $M$, denoted by $\mathcal{PS}_G(M)$, to set all submodules $Q$ such that $(Gr_M(Q):_R M)=Gr((Q:_R M))$. In this paper, we topology on $\mathcal{PS}_G(M)$ having Zariski prime $Spec_G(M)$ as subspace topology, investigate several topological properties space.

Let A be a Z-graded associative algebra and let ρ be an irreducible N-graded representation of A on W with finite-dimensional homogeneous subspaces. Then it is proved that ρ(Ã) = glJ (W ), where à is the completion of A with respect to a certain topology and glJ (W ) is the subalgebra of EndW , generated by homogeneous endomorphisms. It is also proved that an N-graded vector space W with finite...

functionally gradedpoisson’s ratio structures have been developed for critical protection. in thispaper, the static bending and buckling of fgpr nanoscale beam are studied basedon the nonlocal timoshenko beam model, in which both young’s modulus andpoisson’s ratio are assumed to vary continuously in the thickness direction. byutilizing total potential energy principle, equilibrium equations are...

this paper investigates the effect of different methods of carbon nanotubes distribution in a thin matrix on static and dynamic behavior of the nanocomposite. five different symmetric patterns of distribution are considered, including four parabolic patterns and a linear one. for each pattern, the effective mechanical properties of the resultant nanocomposite are calculated using the rule of mi...

free vibration of simply supported circular cylindrical shell made of functionally graded material (fgm) under internal pressure was investigated. the effective material properties are assumed to vary continuously along the thickness direction according to a volume fraction power law distribution. first order shear deformation theory based on love's first approximation theory was utilized in th...

this paper deals with volume fraction optimization of functionally graded (fg) beams resting on elastic foundation for maximizing the first natural frequency. the two-constituent functionally graded beam consists of ceramic and metal. these constituents are graded through the thickness of beam according to a generalized power-law distribution. one of the advantages of using generalized power- l...