Assessment of test bias is important to establish the construct validity of tests. Assessment of differential item functioning (DIF) is an important first step in this process. DIF is present when examinees from different groups have differing probabilities of success on an item, after controlling for overall ability level. Here, we present analysis of DIF in the Cognitive Assessment Screening ...

OBJECTIVE To ascertain young people's perceptions of an adolescent health survey when administered by multimedia computer assisted self-administered Interview (M-CASI) through analysis of (1) questionnaire item responses and (2) focus group interviews. METHODOLOGY SETTING Auckland, New Zealand, 1999. STUDY TYPE Pilot testing of a 488-item branching questionnaire delivered using a youth-o...

OBJECTIVES To compare the data quality, logistics, and cost of a self-administered sexual behavior questionnaire administered either using a computer-assisted survey instrument (CASI) or by paper and pencil in a primary care clinic. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING A self-administered sexual behavior questionnaire was administered to 16-29 year olds attending general practice. Questionnaires were adm...

A characteristic spectral emission is observed in vegetation chlorophyll under excitation by solar radiation. This emission, known as solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence, occurs in the red and near infra-red spectral regions. In this paper a new methodology for the estimation of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence from spaceborne and airborne sensors is presented. The fluorescence signal ...

in this research the degree to which search abilities have been inserted into the search engines of persian and non-persian e-journals has been investigated. 97 persian e-journals (pej) and 30 non-persian, in this case english, e-journals (eej) represent the research population. the required data were gathered through designing a checklist, which was filled out for each pej and eej. the results...

background and aim: this study investigated whether objective temporal processing paradigms including voice-onset-time, speech-in-noise, and amplitude modulated-broad-band noise (am-bbn) are sensitive to disrupted temporal processing in elderly listeners with normal hearing (age-related-temporal processing deficit). methods: we evaluated 15 adults aged 64–80 years using behavioural measures of ...

BACKGROUND The aims of this study were to examine the extent to which higher intellectual abilities protect higher socio-economic groups from functional decline and to examine whether the contribution of intellectual abilities is independent of childhood deprivation and low birth weight and other socio-economic and developmental factors in early life. METHODS The Maastricht Aging Study (MAAS)...