Exosomes, a major type of extracellular vesicles (EVs), are nanoscale excreted by almost all cell types via invagination the endosomal membrane pathway. Exosomes play crucial role in mediation intercellular communication both health and disease, which can be ascribed to their capacity transported neighboring or distant cells, thus regulating biological function recipient cells through cargos su...

The recent outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) belongs to a broad family viruses known as Coronaviridae. SARS-CoV-2 is an emerging global pandemic with relatively low mortality rate. virus has been mutated in unique manner thus prolonging its search for vaccine and drug therapy. enveloped consisting many spike (S) proteins, which mediates fusion the membrane host cell. Its ‘cro...