a filtering power divider/power combiner based on half mode substrate integrated waveguide technology for high power applications is proposed. this design includes one half mode substrate integrated waveguide cavity, one matched load, and four sections of quarter-wavelength transmission lines. the high isolation between output ports is obtained by combining the half mode substrate integrated wa...

in this study a pseudo comprehensive carbon footprint model for fossil fuel power plants is presented. parameters which their effects are considered in this study include: plant type, fuel type, fuel transmission type, internal consumption of the plant, degradation, site ambient condition, transmission and distribution losses. investigating internal consumption, degradation and site ambient con...

The emerging Internet of Things (IoT) connects the physical world to the digital one and composes large networks of smart devices to support various applications. In order to provide a suitable communication in such networks, a reliable routing protocol is needed. In this paper, a modified version of an IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy networks (RPL), which has been standardized by...

This paper presents a multi-year scenario-based methodology for transmission expansion planning (TEP) in order to enhance the available transfer capability (ATC). The ATC is an important factor for all players of electricity market who participate in power transaction activities and can support the competition and nondiscriminatory access to transmission lines among all market participants. The...

Long extra high voltage (EHV) ac lines cannot be loaded to their thermal limits in order to keep sufficient margin against transient instability. With the scheme proposed in this project, it is possible to load these lines very close to their thermal limits. The conductors are allowed to carry usual ac along with dc superimposed on it. The added dc power flow does not cause any transient instab...

This paper presents a method to allocate the transmission network costs to users based on nodal pricing approach by regulating the nodal prices from the marginal point to the new point. Transmission nodal pricing based on marginal prices is not able to produce enough revenue to recover the total transmission network costs. However, according to the previous studies in this context, this met...

for an indoor non-directed line of sight optical wireless communication (nlos-owc) system we investigate the optimized lambertian order (olo) of light-emitting diodes (leds). we firstly derive an expression for the olo from a conventional lambertian led model. then, we analyze the indoor multi-cell nlos-owc channel characteristics including the optical power distribution and the multipath time ...

Historically, transmission systems are built together with power production installations in order to meet the expected electricity consumption. For economic reasons, they are usually not overdimensioned and therefore cannot guarantee power transmission capacity for new power plants for 100% of the year. Wind power plants have to be installed in the immediate proximity of the resource – wind. T...

Renewable energy provides twenty percent of electricity generation worldwide. Hydroelectric power is the cheapest way to generate electricity today. It is a renewable source of energy and provides almost one-fifth of electricity in the world. Also, it generates electricity using a renewable natural resource and accounting for six percent of worldwide energy supply or about fifteen percent of th...