Distributed-system observation tools require an efficient data structure to store and query the partial-order of execution. Such data structures typically use vector timestamps to efficiently answer precedence queries. Many current vector-timestamp algorithms either have a poor time/space complexity tradeoff or are static. This limits the scalability of such observation tools. One algorithm, ce...

An object can be gripped firmly through power grasping, in which the gripper fingers and palm are wrapped around object. However, it is difficult to power-grasp an if placed on a support surface grasping point near surface. Because there no gap between surface, will collide when attempts To address this, we propose pre-grasp manipulation planning method that uses two robot arms, whereby space s...

The project management discipline is expanding within many engineering activities. This discipline can facilitate strivings toward successful accomplishment of an engineering project. Therefore, many academic institutes teach the “project management” program. This study presents a novel approach that educates engineering students to become successful project managers based on contextual learnin...

Ambivalence, the presence of positive and negative reactions toward an object, typically involves the subjective experience of conflict. We investigate the role that the perceived validity of each side of an ambivalent attitude plays in producing subjective ambivalence (SA). Consistent with the metacognitive model of attitudes, we demonstrated that SA is reduced when people doubt either the pos...

The functional perspective on attitudes suggests that individuals will be more persuaded by advertisements that match their individual needs or attitude functions. Although previous research provided correlational support for this functional approach, the current study aimed to provide a stronger, experimental test. A pilot study validated situational manipulations of the value-expressive and k...