OBJECTIVE To assess the color stability of five types of ceramic brackets after immersion in potentially staining solutions. METHODS Ninety brackets were divided into 5 groups (n = 18) according to brackets commercial brands and the solutions in which they were immersed (coffee, red wine, coke and artificial saliva). The brackets assessed were Transcend (3M/Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA), Radianc...

OBJECTIVE This in vitro study was undertaken to evaluate the physical, chemical, and biological properties of commercially available metal orthodontic brackets in South Korea, because national standards for these products are lacking. METHODS FOUR BRACKET BRANDS WERE TESTED FOR DIMENSIONAL ACCURACY, (MANUFACTURING ERRORS IN ANGULATION AND TORQUE), CYTOTOXICITY, COMPOSITION, ELUTION, AND CORRO...

We consider two different constructions of higher brackets. First, based on a Grassmann-odd, nilpotent ∆ operator, we define a non-commutative generalization of the higher Koszul brackets, which are used in a generalized Batalin-Vilkovisky algebra, and we show that they form a homotopy Lie algebra. Secondly, we investigate higher, so-called derived brackets built from symmetrized, nested Lie br...

In this paper we introduce two classes of Poisson brackets on algebras (or on sheaves of algebras). We call them locally free and nonsingular Poisson brackets. Using the Fedosov’s method we prove that any locally free nonsingular Poisson bracket can be quantized. In particular, it follows from this that all Poisson brackets on an arbitrary field of characteristic zero can be quantized. The well...

introduction: this study was performed to determine the shear bond strength of rebonded mechanically retentive ceramic brackets after recycling with erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (er:yag) laser or sandblasting. methods: twenty-eight debonded ceramic brackets plus 14 intact new ceramic brackets were used in this study. debonded brackets were randomly divided into 2 groups of 14. one group...

Background and aims. The aim of this study was to compare shear bond strength (SBS) of metal and ceramic brackets bonded to enamel using acid versus Er:YAG laser etching. Materials and methods. Eighty premolars were divided into 4 groups: AM (acid etching/ metal brackets), AC (acid etching/ ceramic brackets), LM (laser etching/ metal brackets) and LC (laser etching/ ceramic brackets). Enamel co...

Introduction: Plasma-polymerized film deposition was created to modify metallic orthodontic brackets surface properties in order to inhibit bacterial adhesion. Methods: Hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) polymer films were deposited on conventional (n = 10) and self-ligating (n = 10) stainless steel orthodontic brackets using the Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) radio frequency tec...

OBJECTIVE To elucidate some of the parameters determining the frictional behavior of passive, active, and interactive self-ligating brackets during sliding mechanics. MATERIALS AND METHODS A custom jig mimicking the three-dimensional tooth movements that occur during sliding mechanics and an Instron testing machine were used to determine the resistance to sliding of six different self-ligatin...

OBJECTIVE To compare the static frictional forces generated at the bracket/wire interface of stainless steel brackets with different geometries and angulations, combined with orthodontic wires of different diameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS The frictional forces were evaluated with three different types of metal brackets: a passive self-ligating (SmartClipTM, 3M/Unitek, Monrovia, USA), with a mo...

AIM The study was undertaken to measure the changes within the mesh pad associated with reconditioning process, measure the bond strength of new and reconditioned orthodontic brackets and correlate the changes in mesh strand diameter with changes in bond strength. MATERIAL AND METHODS 120 clinically normal premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons, were divided equally for bonding with...