نتایج جستجو برای: precipitation
تعداد نتایج: 59201 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
An analogue method is presented to detect the occurrence of heavy precipitation events without relying on modeled precipitation. The approach is based on using composites to identify distinct large-scale atmospheric conditions associated with widespread heavy precipitation events across local scales. These composites, exemplified in the south-central,midwestern, andwesternUnited States, are der...
We thank Liu et al. (1) for their comments on our paper (2). The first point of Liu et al. (1) is that the Lake Dali Early Holocene highstand could reflect increased winter precipitation and/or glacier melt rather than monsoon rainfall. First, modern winter precipitation contributes <10% annual precipitation (2, 3). To sustain the Early Holocene highstand solely based on winter precipitation re...
[1] Global-land mean observations of 20th century precipitation are compared to modelled values using an optimal regression technique for nine general circulation models. The combined influence of major anthropogenic and natural forcings is detected in five cases. Comparing the accuracy of precipitation and temperature simulation of each model, we find that low temperature simulation accuracy p...
Global precipitation measurement is essential not only for the research of the global change but also for the water resources management. Currently, satellite precipitation measurement is not sufficient for the detailed study of the precipitation and is far from enough for the water resources management which requires very high spatial and temporal resolution. To fill the gap at least partly, t...
abstract: numerical weather forecasting models are used for forecasting and dynamic conditions analysis of atmosphere phenomena in recent years. this research investigates dynamic and thermodynamic conditions in heavier precipitation events in different synoptic patterns in the southern coasts of caspian sea using wrf model. database precipitation events were formed. super heavy and heavy preci...
The sensitivity of quantitative precipitation forecasts to various modifications of the Kain-Fritsch (KF) convective parameterization scheme (CPS) is examined for twenty selected cases characterized by intense convective activity and widespread precipitation over Greece, during the warm period of 2005–2007. The study is conducted using the MM5 model with a two nested domains strategy, with hori...
This study integrates a Box-Cox power transformation procedure into a common trend two-phase regression model based test (the PMFred algorithm) for detecting changepoints, to make the test applicable to non-Gaussian data series, such as non-zero daily precipitation amounts or wind speeds. The detection power aspects of the transformed method (transPMFred) are assessed by a simulation study, whi...
Well-defined productivity-precipitation relationships of ecosystems are needed as benchmarks for the validation of land models used for future projections. The productivity-precipitation relationship may be studied in two ways: the spatial approach relates differences in productivity to those in precipitation among sites along a precipitation gradient (the spatial fit, with a steeper slope); th...
introduction long-term annual extreme climate events, especially temperature and precipitation, have generally been used as indicators for the assessment of climate change. one of the most changeable climatic variables in time and space is precipitation. there are great number of research papers focusing on extreme precipitation on global, regional and national scales have been written. the res...
Mountains are centres of global biodiversity, endemism and threatened species. Elevational gradients present opportunities for species currently living near their upper thermal limits to track cooler temperatures upslope in warming climates, but only if changes in precipitation are sufficiently in step with temperature. We model local population extirpation risk for a range of temperature and p...
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