The response of vegetation to regional climate change was quantified between 1982 and 2010 in the Mongolian plateau by integrating the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) (1982–2006) and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) NDVI (2000–2010). Average NDVI values f...

Weather is thought to influence raptor reproduction through effects on prey availability, condition of adults, and survival nests young; however, there are few long-term studies the weather reproduction. We investigated Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis; henceforth goshawk) breeding rate, productivity, fledging date in south-central Idaho northern Utah, USA. Using data from 42 territories wh...

We present a unique water-balance approach for modeling snowpack under historic, current and future climates throughout the Sierra Nevada Ecoregion. Our methodology uses a finer scale (270 m) than previous regional studies and incorporates cold-air pooling, an atmospheric process that sustains cooler temperatures in topographic depressions thereby mitigating snowmelt. Our results are intended t...

In late April 2006, NASA launched Cloudsat, an earth-observing satellite that uses a near-nadir-pointing millimeter-wavelength radar to probe the vertical structure of clouds and precipitation. The first step in using Cloudsat measurements is to distinguish clouds and other hydrometeors from radar noise. In this article the operational Cloudsat hydrometeor detection algorithm is described, diff...

strain induced precipitation in hsla-100 steel was investigated by conducting hotcompression and relaxation tests at temperature range of 850°c to 1100°c and strain rate of 0.001s-1 to 1s-1. the absence of dynamic recrystallization at temperatures below 1000°c was attributedto the influence of dynamic precipitation. the stress relaxation tests showed that strain inducedprecipitation is possible...

Article history: Received 23 March 2009 Received in revised form 2 June 2009 Accepted 17 June 2009 The sub-monthly evolution of the interannual variations of absorbing aerosols and related hydrometeorology over South Asia in the pre-monsoon period is investigated from the analysis of pentad-resolution observational datasets. It is shown that pre-monsoon (late April–early May) variations are cha...

In this study, a new set of reflectivity equations is introduced into the ARPS (Advanced Regional Prediction System) cloud analysis system. This set of equations incorporates double moment microphysics information in the analysis by adopting a set of diagnostic relationships between the intercept parameters and the corresponding mass mixing ratios. A reflectivityand temperature-based graupel cl...

For over 20 years, precipitation measurement has continued with spaceborne radars including the Precipitation Radar (PR) operating at 13.8 GHz on Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission and Ku-band (KuPR) 13.6 Global Measurement mission core satellite. PR KuPR have essentially same hardware designs algorithm to make standard products (PRV8 KuPRV06, respectively). The surface rate estimates (R) rela...

Wetlands are considered critical ecosystems due to declining quality of their services. Nevertheless, there have not been any climate related researched devoted vegetation condition and biomass amount. Thus, this study examines the seasonal dynamics its correlations with climatic factors. This is important for understanding regulatory function ecosystem during change. Two Landsat OLI8 images ma...