The analysis of precipitation extremes with decadal return periods requires long data records; longer than is typically available from station observations. To address this problem, a method is proposed for clustering station records based on the similarity of their precipitation climatologies. It is demonstrated that the proposed aggregation method is superior to naive aggregation methods for ...

Intensification of the global hydrological cycle, ranging from larger individual precipitation events to more extreme multiyear droughts, has the potential to cause widespread alterations in ecosystem structure and function. With evidence that the incidence of extreme precipitation years (defined statistically from historical precipitation records) is increasing, there is a clear need to identi...

[1] In the past few years sequential data assimilation (SDA) methods have emerged as the best possible method at hand to properly treat all sources of error in hydrological modeling. However, very few studies have actually implemented SDA methods using realistic input error models for precipitation. In this study we use particle filtering as a SDA method to propagate input errors through a conc...

This work addresses the issue of better considering the heterogeneity of precipitation fields within lumped rainfall-runoff models where only areal mean precipitation is usually used as an input. A method using a Kohonen neural network is proposed for the clustering of precipitation fields. The evaluation and improvement of the performance of a lumped rainfall-runoff model for one-day ahead pre...

The objective of this study was to develop an economical, simple, and large-scale separation method for IgY from egg yolk. Egg yolk diluted with 9 volumes of cold water was centrifuged after adjusting the pH to 5.0. The supernatant was added with 0.01% charcoal or 0.01% carrageenan and centrifuged at 2,800 x g for 30 min. The supernatant was filtered through a Whatman no. 1 filter paper and the...

An immunochemical method for quantitative analysis of the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2), band 5, is presented. This method involves precipitation of the enzyme from the serum by the antibody specific to band 5 and by sheep anti-rabbit immunoglobulin, followed by analysis of the enzyme activity in the precipitate. The precipitation procedure eliminates the interferences of the...

Papers published in Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions are under open-access review for the journal Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Abstract Global Climate Models (GCMs) precipitation scenarios are often characterized by biases and coarse resolution that limit their direct application for basin level hydrological modeling. Bias-correction and spatial disaggregation methods are ...

An object-based evaluation method using a pattern recognition algorithm (i.e., classification trees) is applied to the simulated orographic precipitation for idealized experimental setups using the National Center of Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) with the finite volume (FV) and the Eulerian spectral transform dynamical cores with varying resolutions. Daily simulat...

abstract this research evaluates climate change effects on drought severity in the region of gharesou, iran. the standardized precipitation index (spi) has been used for estimation of drought severity. a geographical information system is applied for calculating the mean areal precipitation time series from 11 meteorological stations, in and out of the area for the hydrological period jan 1971-...

ont matter & 2012 0.1016/j.nanoen.2 thor. s: chldwang@mail .edu (G. Cao). Abstract A novel interface precipitation method has been developed to synthesize hierarchically structured ZnO nanocrystallite aggregates. Such synthesized ZnO nanocrystallite aggregates were demonstrated as a promising structure for high power conversion efficiency when used as photoelectrode in dye-sensitized solar cell...