نتایج جستجو برای: precipitation methods
تعداد نتایج: 1926824 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Precipitation that falls in a watershed undergoes three hydrological processes: evapotranspiration, groundwater recharge, and river runoff. Using the long-term average stream discharge of a watershed, one can estimate the long-term average evapotranspiration portion of the precipitation by using the precipitation minus the normalized river discharge. In addition, by partitioning the stream disc...
The effect of desert dust on cloud properties and precipitation has so far been studied solely by using theoretical models, which predict that rainfall would be enhanced. Here we present observations showing the contrary; the effect of dust on cloud properties is to inhibit precipitation. Using satellite and aircraft observations we show that clouds forming within desert dust contain small drop...
*National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan +Meteorological Research Institute, Ibaraki, Japan #Hokkaido Tokai University, Hokkaido, Japan @Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan &Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, JAPAN **Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tokyo, Japan ++Shimane University, Shimane, Japan ##Center for Climate System Resear...
Downscaling of climate model data is essential to local and regional impact analysis. We compare two methods of statistical downscaling to produce continuous, gridded time series of precipitation and surface air temperature at a 1/8-degree (approximately 140 km2 per grid cell) resolution over the western U.S. We use NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis data from 1950–1999 as a surrogate General Circulation Mod...
Precipitation is one important input variable for land surface hydrologic and ecological models. Next Generation Radar (NEXRAD) can provide precipitation products that cover most of the conterminous United States at high resolution (approximately 4 km 4 km). There are two major issues concerning the application of NEXRAD data: 1) the lack of a NEXRAD geo-processing and geo-referring program and...
The radiative and microphysical effects of aerosols can affect the development of convective clouds. The objective of this study is to reveal if the overall aerosol effects have any discernible impact on the diurnal variations in precipitation and lightning by means of both observational analysis and modeling. As the first part of two companion studies, this paper is concerned with analyzing ho...
Most methods of estimating the concentration of bilirubin in serum are based on the van den Bergh reaction in which bilirubin couples with diazotized sulphanilic acid to give red " azobilirubin," the reaction being facilitated by the addition of an activator or catalyst such as ethanol. The many modifications of this reaction can be classified into two groups: (a) those in which ethanol is used...
The influence of preparation methodology of silymarin solid dispersions using a hydrophilic polymer on the dissolution performance of silymarin was investigated. Silymarin solid dispersions were prepared using HPMC E 15LV by kneading, spray drying and co-precipitation methods and characterized by FTIR, DSC, XRPD and SEM. Dissolution profiles were compared by statistical and model independent me...
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