Effects of incision angle in construction of clear corneal cataract incision are studied with optical coherence tomography (OCT). A stable incision angle range is found to be existent for single-planed, clear corneal cataract incisions. When well pressurized, incision angles within this stable range result in well-apposed incision edges that resist gapping while incision angles falling outside ...

The axial deformation of a pipette-pressurized fluid membrane bag produces minuscule yet well-defined, reproducible forces. The stiffness of this ultrasensitive force transducer is tunable and largely independent of the constitutive membrane behavior. Based on a rigorous variational treatment, we present both numerical as well as approximate analytical solutions for the force-deflection relatio...

Mechanical counter-pressure (MCP) space suits have the potential to improve the mobility of astronauts as they conduct planetary exploration activities. MCP suits differ from traditional gas-pressurized space suits by applying surface pressure to the wearer using tight-fitting materials rather than pressurized gas, and represent a fundamental change in space suit design. However, the underlying...

A quarter of a monolayer of carbon monoxide (CO) adsorbs on ethylidyne-covered Pd(1 1 1) (ethylidyne saturation coverage, 0.25 monolayers) at 300 K, compared to the saturation coverage of 0.55 monolayers for CO on clean Pd(1 1 1). Infrared and temperature-programmed desorption data reveal that CO adsorbs on the hexagonal-closepacked, threefold hollow site on ethylidyne-covered Pd(1 1 1). This, ...

Rapid cooling of aqueous solutions is a useful approach for two important biological applications: (I) cryopreservation of cells and tissues for long-term storage, and (II) cryofixation for ultrastructural investigations by electron and cryo-electron microscopy. Usually, both approaches are very different in methodology. Here we show that a novel, fast and easy to use cryofixation technique cal...