4D printing empowers 3D printed structures made of hydrogels, liquid crystals or shape memory polymers, with reversible morphing capabilities in response to an external stimulus. To apply shape-change stiff lightweight materials such as microfiber reinforced we developed a composite ink that can be using direct-ink-writing (DIW), and exhibits multistability around its glass transition temperatu...

Abstract As the main load-bearing component of bridge structure, cable is damaged by impact from time to time, so it very important clarify its resistance capacity. Based on method drop-weight test, this article mainly studies degradation law mechanical properties epoxy-coated steel strand (ECSS) under load. Through test ECSS different working conditions, influence prestress, energy, initial de...

The time course and magnitude of the heat-shock response in relation to severity of thermal stress are important, yet poorly understood, aspects of thermotolerance. We examined patterns of protein synthesis in congeneric marine snails (genus Tegula) that occur at different heights along the subtidal to intertidal gradient after a thermal exposure (30 degrees C for 2.5 h, followed by 50 h recove...

Given the increasing age of our built environment, including concrete structures, stakeholders in construction industry require innovative and effective strengthening methods. In several studies onsite applications, iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe-SMA) reinforcements have proven to be competitive alternatives well-established materials. The objective this investigation was study effectiveness...

This paper presents a numerical study on the vertical (axial) and lateral (flexure) behavior of CFST (Concrete-Filled Steel Tube) columns with active hoop prestress achieved by bolting together two steel half-tubes. Twelve prototype column specimens differing in prestressing force (three levels) gravity loading ratio (four are analyzed; they selected to represent typical ground mid-rise buildin...

Phononic crystals and elastic metamaterials have recently received significant attention due to their potential for unconventional wave control. Despite this interest, one outstanding issue is that band diagram typically fixed once the structure designed. To overcome limitation, periodic structures with adaptive properties been proposed Bragg- local resonance-driven structures. In context, we r...