OBJECTIVES We examined the prevalence of Early Intervention (EI) enrollment in Massachusetts comparing singleton children conceived via assisted reproductive technology (ART), children born to mothers with indicators of subfertility but no ART (Subfertile), and children born to mothers who had no indicators of subfertility and conceived naturally (Fertile). We assessed the natural direct effect...

OBJECTIVE Preterm birth predisposes children to the development of cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. The aim of this study was to characterize elastic properties of the aorta at preschool age and test the hypothesis that prematurity is associated with decreased aortic distensibility and increased stiffness, both of which are predictors of increased cardiovascular risk. APPROACH AND RESULT...

The linguistic skills of 8-year-old children born preterm (n = 42) with birthweight < 1750 grams from a 1-year birth cohort for 1985-86 in northern Finland were studied with three different language tests, namely the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities (ITPA), the Token Test for Children (TTC) and the Morphological Test (MT) for Finnish children. Full-term control children (n = 42) with...

BACKGROUND Understanding associated risk for obesity is a prerequisite to develop early life interventions to arrest the increasing epidemic of metabolic syndrome and obesity among preterm born children and adolescents. FINDINGS A retrospective review of 160 charts was conducted to determine the associated risk of being obese during childhood and adolescent period in preterm children. Birth w...

BACKGROUND Research conducted on preterm children's linguistic skills has provided varying pictures, and the question of whether and to what extent preterm children are delayed in early language acquisition remains largely unresolved. AIMS To examine communicative and linguistic development during the second year in a group of Italian children born prematurely using the 'Primo Vocabolario del...

Preterm newborns are highly susceptible to brain injury. White matter injury is among the dominant patterns of brain injury in preterm newborns. the purpose of this review is to discuss the pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, and prevention of white matter injury in premature newborns. the long-term outcome of white matter injury in children born prematurely is also addressed.

Preterm birth is increasing, and complicates 12% of deliveries in the United States. It is the dominant cause of neonatal mortality. Preterm birth also accounts for one in three children with vision impairment, one in five with mental retardation, and almost half with cerebral palsy [1]. Babies born weighing under 2,500 g are at heightened risk in adulthood of diabetes and cardiovascular diseas...

OBJECTIVE To assess auditory event-related potentials at preschool age in children born very preterm (VP, 27.4 ± 1.9 gestational weeks, n=70) with a high risk of cognitive dysfunction. METHODS We used an oddball paradigm consisting of a standard tone randomly replaced by one of three infrequent deviants (differing in frequency, sound direction or duration). RESULTS The P1 and N2 latencies w...

Introduction: Children who experienced mild perinatal adversity (i.e., born late preterm or small for gestational age) are at increased risk delays in early numeracy and literacy, which increases inequality educational opportunities. However, this group showed susceptibility to the characteristics of their environment especially those preterm. Intervening may thus be particularly beneficial, pr...

More than one in 10 of the world’s babies born in 2010 were born preterm (defi ned as before 37 weeks of gestation), resulting in an estimated 14.9 million preterm births [1]. Of these, more than one million died as a direct result of their prematurity [2]. Being born moderately preterm with or without fetal growth restriction acted as a risk factor for a further one million neonatal deaths fro...