T what extent do firms engage in product line actions simultaneously with actions in other marketing variables? What are the determinants of product line actions? To what extent are product line actions proactive? To what degree are they reactive? How can a firm's product line action elasticity (percent change in product line length with respect to percent change in competitor's past and antici...

We propose a new model for the time evolution of livestock commodities which exhibits endogenous deterministic stochastic behaviour. The model is based on the Yoccoz-Birkeland integral equation, a model first developed for studying the time-evolution of single species with high average fertility, a relatively short mating season and density dependent reproduction rates. This equation is then co...

business and its main functions such as marketing has value regulations in islamic economy. the main purpose of this paper is the indicatation of islamic values in marketing mix decisions. to achieve this purpose , the islamic values in marketing mix decisions include product, price, promotion and place decisions emanated from quran and documented practices of the holy prophet (peace be upon hi...

and Applied Analysis 3 Table 1: Comparison between the papers discussing integrated inventory model with a trade credit. Author s Demand rate Production rate Production/purchase cost Freight rate Wholesale price Abad and Jaggi 39 Retail price sensitive Constant Constant — Constant Jaber and Osman 40 Constant — — — Constant Yang and Wee 41 Retail price sensitive — Constant — Constant Sheen and T...

agricultural prices have a high fluctuation and forecasting may help decision making effectively. the aim of this study was to forecast the nominal and real prices of sugar beet and to recognize the appropriate forecasting model. initially the stationary of the series was tested. in order to investigate whether the series are stochastic, the nonparametric test of vald-wulfowitz and parametric t...

the objective of this research is to tackle the emerging problem of jointly determining theoptimal retail price, the replenishment cycle, and the cost of preservation technology investment from an integrated perspective among the supplier and the manufacturer. this paper deals an integrated single-manufacturer single-retailer supply chain model for deteriorating items under revenue sharing on p...

We extend stochastic newsvendor games with information lag by including dynamic retail prices, and we characterize their equilibria. We show that the equilibrium wholesale price is a nonincreasing function of the demand, while the retailer’s output increases with demand until we recover the usual equilibrium. In particular, it is then optimal for retailer and wholesaler to have demand at least ...

abstract: enviromental concerns, improvements in renewable energy technologies, governmental incentives for the use of these resources, and increased t&d; costs, are the main factors driving the energy sector into a new era, where considerable portions of electrical demand will be met through widespread installation of distributed energy resources (ders). the virtual power plant (vpp) is a dece...

The objective of this article is to estimate the derived demand for imported cheese products into Japan when cheese import data are disaggregated by specific cheese group and by source country of production+We provide empirical measures of the sensitivity of demand to changes in total imports, own-price, and cross-prices among exporting countries for four market segments of the cheese category+...