Climate finance is first and foremost a risk-management problem, which means three things for investors. First, prudent investors will seek to hedge climate change risk by reducing their exposure this risk. Second, demand compensation holding Third, engage with companies urge them reduce if they are not adequately compensated it. For companies, the main implication of climate-risk management th...

This paper illustrates the importance of shopping and marketing strategies when the Bertrand price-setting institution often used to model retail exchange is modified to allow sellers to offer buyer-specific discounts from the list price. Unlike the simple Bertrand game, a variety of shopping and marketing strategies can be rational in this more complex setting. Moreover, different strategy com...

The phenomenon that the price discounts has been altering consumer decisions in allocating revenue.This research aims to analyze how behavior when there are discounted goods and know factor of psychological buying goods.This uses a quantitative approach supported with qualitative approach.Methods data collection this through questionnaires interviews.The analysis technique used is descriptive t...

The objective of the research was to identify factors influencing buying behavior consumers on fast-moving consumer goods in Kathmandu. independent variables measure are taken free samples, price discounts, and “buy one get free” FMCGs buying. study used positivist epistemology with predetermined hypotheses a deductive approach single ontological foundation. quantitative method. To obtain prima...

Abstract: Along with technological developments, the world of marketing has now changed. Studying E-consumer behavior from a renewable aspect is needed to create practical and efficient marketing, research that refers digital (Digital Marketing), especially E-Marketing marketplace. This study examines online consumer focuses on purchasing decisions factors influence it, namely: customer reviews...

In the present study, we investigate impact of discounts on valuation performance initial public offerings. Review existing literature reveals that such lacks examination in terms as most studies focus methods. Accordingly, examine offerings before and after applying discounts. Whereby, underwriters apply a deliberate discount to fair value estimate setting final offer price. We assess through ...

Since the 1980s, the market structure of vaccines has become increasingly oligopolistic, and in some cases, monopolistic. Alongside these supply trends, we see the emergence and growth of group procurement schemes on the demand side of the market. National governments and international organizations procure vaccines on behalf of end users. Two such organizations include the UNICEF Supply Divisi...