multiple sclerosis is a cns autoimmune disease configured by demyelination, inflammation, and degeneration of axons. this disease inflict great harms to patients. the most common problem is inability to control musculoskeletal system and decrease in mobility. these consequences could vary from patients to patients. about 10-15% of all ms patients develop primary progressive ms (ppms). despite t...

introduction: in recent years, significant developments have been taking place in caries removal and cavity preparation using laser in dentistry. as laser use is considered for cavity preparation, it is necessary to determine the quality of restoration margins. glass ionomer cements have great applications for conservative restoration in the pediatric field. the purpose of this in vitro study w...

abstract background and aims: to identify and isolation of viruses a susceptible cell is need which can be primary or line. the use of primary cells is laborious, time consuming and expensive, while the use of cell lines is much easier and faster. irkhbk cell line was originated from primary cells of bovine kidney by continuous passage. the aim of this study was to introduce the irkhbk cell lin...

primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (pil) is a rare disease of intestinal lymphatics presenting with hypoproteinemia, bilateral lower limb edema, ascites and protein-losing enteropathy. we report a case of pil in a 22 year old patient from tabriz, iran who presented with anasarca edema, recurrent diarrhea, hypoproteinemia and confirmatory features of pil on endoscopy and histopathology. therefo...

ectopic pregnancy (ep) is a potentially life-threatening condition in which the embryo implants outside the uterine endometrial cavity. abdominal pregnancy is an atypical site wherein the product of conception lies totally outside the reproductive tract. primary abdominal pregnancy is a very rare condition with a high mortality rate. diagnosis is often late or misdiagnosed. the aim of introduci...

introduction: pulpotomy of carious primary teeth with an exposed pulp is a common treatment option. pulpotomy has been conducted with various medicaments over the years. the aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and radiographic success of primary vital pulpotomy with proroot and root mta. materials and methods: in this randomized clinical trial, children aged between 3-7 years who met the...

introduction: there are various studies looking at the effects of formocresol (fc) and mineral trioxide aggregate (mta) on pulpotomy of primary molars. this is a systematic review of literature comparing the success rates of mta and fc in pulpotomy of primary molars. materials and methods: the study list was obtained using pubmed, embase, scopus, science citation index, iran medex, google schol...

objectives: emotion regulations refer to the ability of experiencing emotions as a basic human capacity and the experience of the basic emotions happiness, anger, sadness and fear are considered as reular characteristics among nations. in school-age children, problems in socioemotional development typically shows themselves as challenging, socially disruptive paterns of behavior. the purpose of...

conclusions a slightly higher mortality in patients with pneumonia, caused by s. maltophilia, was strived to explain by advanced age, higher acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (apache ii) and sepsis related organ failure assessment (sofa) score, and also higher inappropriate antibiotic use. results a total of 71 patients with s. maltophilia nosocomial infections, 35 (49.3%) primary ...

background:  iodine deficiency disorder (idd) creates major public health problems in india, including gujarat. the bharuch district is a known iodine deficiency endemic area. this study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of  goiter in primary school children; to determine the median urinary iodine concentration; to assess the level of  iodine in salt samples at the household and retail s...