Introduction and purpose: Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) is a rare but serious disease diagnosed in about 1% of women before the age 40. It characterized by hypoestrogenism an increase level follicle-stimulating hormone, which associated with menstrual disorders, pregnancy failures reduced quality life. The main causes POI include genetic background autoimmune abnormalities, as well incr...

The ovarian reserve represents the stock of quiescent primordial follicles in the ovary which is gradually depleted during a woman's reproductive lifespan, resulting in menopause. Müllerian inhibiting substance (MIS) (or anti-Müllerian hormone/AMH), which is produced by granulosa cells of growing follicles, has been proposed as a negative regulator of primordial follicle activation. Here we sho...

Chemotherapy treatment in women can frequently cause damage to the ovaries, which may lead to primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). In this study, we assessed the preventative effects of hyaluronic acid (HA) in immunosuppressive drug-induced POI-like rat models and investigated the possible mechanisms. We found that HA, which was reduced in primary and immunosuppressant-induced POI patients, cou...

Amenorrhea is the absence of menstrual blood flow. Primary amenorrhea should be considered in a patient with secondary sex characteristics who has not experienced periodic menstruation by 16 years age or 5 after breast development. Patients have developed characteristics, especially development, and established 13 also worked up for primary amenorrhea1. Turner’s syndrome (TS) called as Ullrich ...

Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of poor ovarian response criteria to classify women presenting with infertility and oligomenorrhea as having "occult" premature ovarian insufficiency. Methods This was a cross sectional study conducted at Aziz Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan from 1st August 2015 to 31st July 2016. Women with infertility and oligomenorrhea were...

Primary fallopian tube carcinoma is a rare tumor that histologically and clinically resembles epithelial ovarian cancer. Here we introduce a case of tubal carcinoma in a postmenopausal woman. The diagnosis of primary fallopian tube carcinoma is rarely considered preoperatively and is usually first appreciated by the pathologist. Because of low frequency of tubal carcinoma, there are few systemi...