Automated visual inspection (AVI) is becoming an integral part of modern surface mount technology (SMT) assembly process. This high technology assembly, produces printed circuit boards (PCB) with tiny and delicate electronic components. With the increase in demand for such PCBs, high-volume production has to cater for both the quantity and zero defect quality assurance. The ever changing techno...

An effective and benign process for copper and lead recovery from waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) was developed. In the process, the PCBs was pre-treated in supercritical water, then subjected to electrokinetic (EK) process. Experimental results showed that supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) process was strong enough to decompose the organic compounds of PCBs, and XRD spectra indicated th...

Reverse engineering of electronic hardware has been performed for decades for two broad purposes: (1) honest and legal means for failure analysis and trust verification; and (2) dishonest and illegal means of cloning, counterfeiting, and development of attacks on hardware to gain competitive edge in a market. Destructive methods have been typically considered most effective to reverse engineer ...

The use of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) has increased considerably worldwide, generating large amounts waste (WEEE) which only 17% is treated. processing extraction metals from printed circuit boards (PCBs) WEEE done by a combination physical chemical methods, become highly polluting. Therefore, it necessary to formulate new eco-friendly strategies prevent the impact environmental ...

In inspections of printed circuit boards (PCBs), a test probe has to be moved to a number of PCB wiring patterns in some order. This paper considers path optimization for minimizing a total path length of testing PCBs arrayed on a plane. Due to the miniaturization of PCBs, the procedure of “alignment” has been recently needed in order to know the exact position of each wiring pattern before eac...

Taiwan’s electronics industry usually outsources most of its important components for production to enhance market competitiveness and operational flexibility. The quality all component products is ensure the final product. In electronic assembly, printed circuit boards (PCBs) are key that carry other provide a stable working environment. Surface Mounted Technology (SMT) mainstream technology i...

The proper disposal of electrical and electronic waste is currently a concern of researchers and environmental managers not only because of the large volume of such waste generated, but also because of the heavy metals and toxic substances it contains. This study analyzed printed circuit boards (PCBs) from discarded computers to determine their metal content and characterized them as solid wast...

This paper analyses the impact of method grinding printed circuit boards (PCBs) in a knife mill on efficiency and purity products obtained during electrostatic separation. The separated metals plastics ceramics can be used as secondary raw materials. is line with principle circular economy. Three different screen perforations were to obtain sizes ground grains. Moreover, effect cooling feed cry...