background: in recent years, there has been an increase in the amount and variety of data generated in the field of healthcare, (e.g., data related to the prevalence of contagious diseases in the society). various patterns of individuals’ relationships in the society make the analysis of the network a complex, highly important process in detecting and preventing the incidence of diseases. there...

a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Broadcasting is a common transmission strategy used by several ad-hoc routing protocols in order to solve many issues, such as finding a route to a new host or sending control messages to all nodes in the network. Flooding is the simplest technique to achieve broadcast communications and it is widely used in many existing routing protocols for Mobile Ad-hoc...

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is an intestinal infectious disease caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV); manifestations of the disease are diarrhea, vomiting and dehydration. Starting from the end of 2010, a PED outbreak occurred in several pig-producing provinces in southern China. Subsequently, the disease spread throughout the country and caused enormous economic losses to the p...

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is an enteric disease in swine caused by an alphacoronavirus. It affects swine of all ages causing acute diarrhoea and can lead to severe dehydration and death in suckling piglets. Being recognized for the first time in Europe and Asia during the seventies and the eighties, respectively, it has remained a relevant cause of diarrhea outbreaks in Asia for years and...

temper of learning when men study words not matter; for words are but the images of matter, and, except they have life of reason and invention to fall in love with them, is all one as to fall in love with a picture." The great prophet of inductive philosophy has here touched the very core of the errors and vanities which gather round epidemiological research, and impede progress in the acquisit...