In a de-regulated open access environment, reactive power is one of the ancillary services which must be provided by an Independent System Operator (ISO). In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed in which reactive power resources are initially so tuned that optimum security in terms of voltage profile and voltage stability are achieved while at the same time, the system losses are minimized. ...

A computational optimization was performed for a direct-injection diesel engine using three-dimensional modeling. Fully transient CFD analyses of different valve profile strategies for the intake and compression strokes were performed to evaluate the effects on both engine performance and in-cylinder flow-field evolution. The turbulence model was used along with the second order linear upwin...