Background: Adding morphine as adjuvant intrathecal drug for cesarean section is a gold standard for post-operative analgesia according to literature, but because of frequent incidence of nausea, vomiting and pruritus, it has limited popularity. Various mechanisms have been demonstrated for the opioid-induced pruritus, with a variety of medications with different mechanisms of actions for preve...

Establishment of Acceptable Daily Intakes (ADIs) and Risk Assessment for Ephedrine, Menichlopholan, Anacolin, Etisazole Hydrochloride-Anacolin,Ephedrine,Etisazole hydrochloride,Menichlopholan,Risk assessment

Buprenorphine is a partial mu agonist and kappa antagonist which is used for the treatment of pain and opioid addiction. A mixture of buprenorphine hydrochloride and naloxone hydrochloride has been approved for the treatment of opioid dependence.In this study a third order derivative spectrophotometric method based on zero-crossing technique has been used for the simultaneous determination of b...

combination dosage forms of naproxen sodium and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride are used for symptomatic treatment of cold and sinus disorders. in this study, fourth-order derivative spectrophotometric method was used for simultaneous determination of naproxen sodium and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride. the method was linear over the range of 2-28 μg/ml for pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and 4-200 μ...

two simple, accurate and precise methods for simultaneous estimation of esomeprazole and itopride in bulk drug and tablet dosage form have been described. method-a employs formation and solving of simultaneous equation using 231 and 370 nm as two analytical wavelengths. method -b is absorption ratio method, which uses 308 and 331 nm as two analytical wavelengths.beer’s law was obeyed in the con...

background: investigation was designed to evaluate the behavioral changes in children receiving dental treatment while they have been administered combination of midazolam/ketamine or midazolam/promethazine. materials and methods: this was a randomized double blind clinical trial with cases being selected from those uncooperative children aged 2 to 6 years from those referred for treatment unde...

background: interaction between local anesthetic solution, lidocaine hydrochloride (with and without adrenaline), and root canal irrigants such as sodium hypochlorite (naocl), ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (edta), and chlorhexidine (chx) has not been studied earlier. hence, the purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the chemical interaction between 2% lidocaine hydrochloride (with ...