I would also have liked to have known what Burgel and Maulitz, who wrote the most interesting essays, make of the co-existence of lay and scientific concepts of pathology. Buirgel shows how Prophetic and Galenic systems intersected in Arabic medicine: orthodox Muslims were obliged to question whether rational, secular therapies were compatible with pious striving and trust in God's omnipotence....

with respect to the fact that mohammad (pbuh) is the last prophet of allah and islam is the eternal religion and regarding the spitefulness of the enemies of islam, the question that arises is that how the prophet reacted politically to expand islam and to confront his enemies. in this article three types of foreign policy behaviours of the prophet, i.e. invitation, war and defense , and peace,...

The writing of the Qur'an began at time Prophet. However, is more memorized than written because ability Companions radhiyallahu 'anhum very strong and fast, number memorizers large. At Prophet SAW, was still on fronds dates, boards, animal skins, hard soil, stones others.