Platforms like E-bay allow product seekers and providers to meet and exchange goods. On the same way in open innovation, as defined by Chesbrough [1], an enterprise can collect ideas from outside the company. But on E-bay, the seeker can return the product if it does not correspond to the expectations, since Ebay is the third-party actor in charge of assuring that the agreement between seekers ...

Rules for assigning phrasal intonation to sentences are often assumed to require an autonomous level of "intonational structure", distinct from what is usually thought of as surface syntactic structure. The present paper argues that the requisite notion of structure can be subsumed under the generalised notion of surface structure that emerges from the combinatory extension of Categorial Gramma...

The propositional content of a reference is the proposition attributing to the referent the properties that correspond to the nouns and modiiers in the reference (for example, the propositional content of`Mary' is that the referent is named`Mary'). During language comprehension, the hearer or reader must determine the set of beliefs with respect to which the propositional content of a reference...

The aim of this paper is to provide a logical framework for the specification of autonomous Multi-Agent Systems (MAS). A MAS is autonomous in so far as it is capable of binding (‘nomos’) itself (‘auto’) independently of any external normative constraint specified by a designer. In particular, a MAS is autonomous if it is able to maintain its social institutions (i.e. rule-governed social practi...