PURPOSE Testosterone is essential for the prostate gland's normal growth and development and is also a possible risk factor for prostate cancer. This study's aim was to determine the significance of serum testosterone for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) elevation and prostate cancer prediction in high-risk men. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 120 patients with PSA >10 ng/ml who under...

Background: IL-6 is known to play important roles in the growth of prostate cancer cells, activation of the androgen receptor and prostate-specific protein expression. It is reported that IL-6 promotes the growth of prostate cancer. Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) does not directly assess the biological behavior of individual hormone-refractory prostate cancers, whereas serum biomarkers produce...

Renal-type clear cell carcinoma (RTCCC) of the prostate is a rare form kidney cancer that infrequently reported in literature. Here we describe case an 81-year-old male patient with hard, immovable mass on his enlarged prostate, which was discovered through digital rectal examination. His prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level 23.01 ng/ml, and bone multi-slice computed tomography scans re...

BACKGROUND Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level is typically used as a dichotomous test for prostate cancer, resulting in overdiagnosis for a substantial number of men. The rate at which serum PSA levels change (PSA velocity) may be an important indicator of the presence of life-threatening disease. METHODS PSA velocity was determined in 980 men (856 without prostate cancer, 104 with prostat...

Objectives: To determine the whether histological prostatic inflammation correlates with serum prostate specific antigen (PSA), free PSA (fPSA) and percent of fPSA (%fPSA) levels in elderly patients without clinically proven cancer. Methods: A total 115 cancer transrectal biopsy were included this retrospective study. Patients divided two main groups as histologic inflammation. grading was perf...

INTRODUCTION To determine whether there is a cut-off value of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) which can be used confidently to make the diagnosis of prostate cancer, thereby obviating the need for biopsy. PATIENTS AND METHODS During the period October 1991 to March 1998 the Department of Chemical Pathology at Tygerberg Hospital performed a total of 6,733 serum PSA assays on 3,960 patien...

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in male populations in many parts of the world. It is a slowing growing deadly cancer with very few signs and symptoms in the early stage. For screening, prostate specific antigen (PSA) has been proposed as a marker in the serum. It is widely employed in western countries, but use of PSA for prostate cancer screening in developing Asian countries is not...

OBJECTIVES To describe the initial assessment of early prostate cancer antigen (EPCA)-2 as a serum marker for the detection of prostate cancer and to examine its sensitivity and specificity. METHODS Serum samples were obtained from 385 men: those with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels less than 2.5 ng/mL, PSA levels of 2.5 ng/mL or greater with negative biopsy findings, benign prostatic ...

BACKGROUND Despite low specificity, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is widely used in screening for prostate cancer. Specificity can be improved by measuring free and total PSA and by combining these results with clinical findings. Methods such as neural networks and logistic regression are alternatives to multistep algorithms for clinical use of the combined findings. METHODS We compar...