Tobacco mosaic virus infection of Nicotiana tabacum mesophyll protoplasts did not affect the pattern of chloroplast or total cellular DNA synthesis for at least 120 h when compared with that of mock-infected cells. Calli derived from infected protoplasts often showed large amounts of tobacco mosaic virus RNA and coat protein.

The localization of ethylene-induced endochitinase was studied in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv Saxa) leaves. The specific activity of chitinase in mesophyll protoplasts isolated from the leaves was as high as in tissue homogenates, indicating that most of the enzyme was located intracellularly. Vacuoles isolated and purified from the protoplasts were found to contain most of the intracellular...

We describe the characterization of axi 1, a tobacco gene isolated by activation T-DNA tagging which apparently plays a role in auxin action. Upon deregulated expression, axi 1 confers on protoplasts the ability to grow in culture not only in the absence of auxin but also in high auxin concentrations where maximal frequencies of cell division are not observed in wild-type protoplasts. In wild-t...

Thiamine was found to be accumulated in protoplasts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the same manner as in intact cells, suggesting that a soluble thiamine-binding protein in periplasm may not be an essential component of the thiamine transport system of S. cerevisiae. It was also found that thiamine pyrophosphate cannot be taken up by yeast protoplasts.

The localization of acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2) in secreting protoplasts prepared from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is reported for the first time. Using a Gomori technique we were able to show acid phosphatase at those organelles in the protoplasts which are generally involved in the processes of biosynthesis and secretion of glycoproteins in eukaryotic cells.

A simple, inexpensive and reproducible transformation method was developed for Gram-positive bacteria. It was based on agitation of bacterial protoplasts with glass beads in the presence of DNA and polyethylene glycol. By using this method, introduction of pGK12 into protoplasts of several strains of Gram-positive bacteria was achieved.

One would logically expect that antifungal agents which act via the inhibition of cell wall biosynthesis should show fungicidal activity and low toxicity as the cell wall is essential for fungal cell growth and is not synthesized by mammalian cells. A variety of cell wall-acting antifungal agents have been discovered and some of these have become economically important1~3). However, new nontoxi...

BERNHEIMER, ALAN W. (New York University School of Medicine, New York, N.Y.). Disruption of wall-less bacteria by streptococcal and staphylococcal toxins. J. Bacteriol. 91:1677-1680. 1966.-Earlier studies demonstrating that staphylococcal a-toxin and streptolysin S have the capacity to lyse protoplasts and spheroplasts of certain species of bacteria and Mycoplasma have been extended to encompas...

Protoplasts were isolated from five species of Gossypium. · Protoplast yield and viability were affected by incubation conditions, osmolarity, purification procedures, and cell source. Using an optimized procedure, highly viable protoplasts were isolated from cell suspensions, callus cultures, and leaf tissue of G. hirsutum, G. arboreum, G. k/otzschianum, G. harlmessii, and G. herbaceum. Protop...

Protoplasts of Bacillus subtilis plated on SDG medium formed L colonies in quantative yield and propagated in the L-form indefinitely. Protoplasts or L bodies placed in 25% gelatin medium formed bacillary colonies. Details of the reversion of these naked bodies to the walled form are reported here. Protoplasts prepared in minimal medium reverted fairly synchronously 3 to 4 hr after inoculation ...