Mathematics anxiety (MA) has primarily been studied in adults and children over 8 years of age English-speaking countries. Few studies have examined MA younger Spanish-speaking contexts due to the lack suitable instruments. In present study we examine psychometric properties Child Anxiety Questionnaire (CMAQ-R), an instrument widely used primary school children. A total 810 Chilean second-grade...

This paper describes an experiment to assess the anxiety responses of people giving five minute presentations to virtual audiences consisting of eight male avatars. There were three different types of audience behaviour an emotionally neutral audience that remained static throughout the talk, a positive audience which exhibited friendly and appreciative behaviour towards the speaker, and a nega...

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a debilitating mental illness which is thought to be maintained in part by the aberrant attentional processing of socially relevant information. Critically however, research has not assessed whether such aberrant attentional processing occurs during social-evaluative contexts characteristically feared in SAD. The current study presents a novel approach for the a...

1.1 Social anxiety disorder Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is considered to be the third most prevalent psychiatric disorder (Brunello, 2000; Moutier & Stein, 1999). The condition was officially recognized as a diagnostic category in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III), in 1980 (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1980), and currently, in the fourth edition of...

The application of Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) techniques has garnered attention as a prospective method for mitigating speaking anxiety in public. This research investigates the utilisation neuro-linguistic programming by proficient instructor within framework 'Art Public Speaking' training program, with primary objective alleviating linked to delivering speeches public audience.
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Several lines of evidence point to the participation of serotonin (5HT) in anxiety. Its specific role, however, remains obscure. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of reducing 5HT-neurotransmission through an acute tryptophan depletion on anxiety induced by a simulated public speaking (SPS) test. Two groups of 14-15 subjects were submitted to a 24-h diet with a low or...

English language writing skills play a significant role in academic and professional lives the ESL context. Anxiety can have debilitating effects on learning listening, reading, speaking skills. The objective of current study was to explore causes anxiety Pakistani undergraduate students. data for this were collected from students teachers Karachi with asample that had both public private-secto...

While a growing body of previous studies have addressed speaking foreign language, very little research actually explores the problems faced by medical students that speak English in Indonesian classrooms. To address this empirical gap, used qualitative case study method to investigate pharmacy students' during their for purpose class. I conducted in-depth interviews gather information from par...