A42-year-old man with a previous diagnosis of congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries, a large ventricular septal defect (VSD), Ebstein anomaly of the tricuspid valve, and mild pulmonary stenosis was referred after large “vegetations inside heart” had been demonstrated at routine follow-up echocardiographic examination. Four years before, he began having episodes of atrial fi...

Complete surgical correction of transposition of the great arteries associated with subvalvular pulmonary stenosis carries a high mortality rate. A new surgical technique that achieves redirection of the ventricular outflows and relieves pulmonary stenosis by bypassing it, was successfully used to repair complete transposition of the great arteries associated with ventricular septal defect (VSD...

OBJECTIVE In this study, we have designed an analog circuit model of the cardiovascular system that is able to simulate normal condition and cardiovascular diseases, such as mitral stenosis, aortic stenosis, and hypertension. Especially we focused on severe aortic stenosis, because it is one of the causes of sudden death in asymptomatic patients. In this study, we aim to investigate the simulat...

BACKGROUND This study was carried out to determine the vasodilator response of inhaled nitric oxide in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) after valve replacement surgery for mitral valve disease. METHOD This Quesi experimental study was carried out at the intensive care unit of Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology (AFIC) in collaboration with Department of Physiology, Army Medical Coll...

Introduction:  In patients who underwent surgery to repair Tetralogy of Fallot, right ventricular dilation from pulmonary regurgitation may be result in right ventricular failure, arrhythmias and cardiac arrest. Hence, pulmonary valve replacement may be necessary to reduce right ventricular volume overload. The aim of present study was to assess the effects of pulmonary valve replacement on rig...

Colour flow Doppler mapping can show abnormalities of flow even when the echocardiographic image is equivocal. Routine echocardiography in two patients who were thought to have pulmonary valve stenosis and a ventricular septal defect initially appeared to be normal. Colour flow Doppler mapping, however, showed multiple flow aliasing within the pulmonary artery, approximately 1.5 cm downstream f...

Sudden death is now an infrequent occurrence in severe aortic stenosis. However, an impressive increase in pulmonary arteriolar resistance has been found in some patients with end-stage aortic stenosis dying suddenly or deteriorating suddenly after catheterisation. Pulmonary hypertension does not seem to cause sudden death, but, in conjunction with decreased cardiac output, a critical reduction...