High resolution electron diffraction data have been recorded for glucose-embedded purple membrane specimens in which bacteriorhodopsin (bR) has been trapped by cooling slowly to below--100 degrees C under continuous illumination. Thin films (OD approximately 0.7) of glucose-embedded membranes, prepared as a control, showed virtually 100% conversion to the M state, and stacks of such thin film s...

The structure of the high-affinity cation-binding site of bacteriorhodopsin was studied using extended x-ray absorption fine structure techniques. The results obtained for Mn2+ in aqueous solution and for the complex BR-Mn2+ (1:1 molar ratio) show great similarities, suggesting that Mn2+, when bound to this site, is coordinated with six atoms of oxygen, forming an octahedral disposition. The in...

Chymotrypsin cleaves bacteriorhodopsin to two fragments: C-1, amino acids 72-248, and C-2, amino acids 1-71. Denaturation and renaturation of these fragments have been studied. Following denaturation in sodium dodecyl sulfate, both C-1 and C-2 regain secondary structure in phospholipid/cholate/sodium dodecyl sulfate mixed micelles. When combined, they form a complex with a secondary structure r...

Bending of purple membranes in dependence on the pH analyzed by AFM and single molecule force spectroscopy R.-P. Baumann, M. Schranz and N. Hampp, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2010 DOI: 10.1039/b919729j Bifunctional polyacrylamide based polymers for the specific binding of hexahistidine tagged proteins on gold surfaces Lucas B. Thompson, Nathan H. Mack and Ralph G. Nuzzo, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2...

The light-harvesting apparatus of the purple bacterial photosynthetic unit consists of a pool of peripheral light-harvesting complexes that transfer excitation energy to a reaction center (RC) via the surrounding pigment-protein complex LH1. Recent electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy studies have revealed that RC-LH1 units of Rhodobacter sphaeroides form membrane-bending dimeric com...

Cigarette smoke contains around 4000 chemical substances including free radicals and carcinogens, which are xenobiotic agents in the body, affecting the reproductive system. Purple sweet potatoes contain the color pigment anthocyanin. The purple color pigment (anthocyanin) in purple sweet potatoes is a beneficial antioxidant because it can react with free radicals that can cause damage in the b...

distribution and stability of purple nutsedge (cyperus rotundus) population within four fields under corn-fallow rotation were analyzed over two growing seasons in 2005 and 2006 at the agricultural research station of ferdowsi university, mashhad, iran. in 2005, n-fertilizer (urea) was applied at two different application methods (whole and split application). as a result of applying or not app...