In humans, a first night effect (FNE) is characterized by increased sleep latency and decreased total sleep time in an unfamiliar environment, but the mechanism and treatment options for this universally experienced acute insomnia are unclear. We continuously recorded electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) and measured plasma corticosterone levels to develop a mouse FNE model by ...

Intravascular challenge of isolated perfused and ventilated guinea pig lung (IPL) from actively sensitized guinea pigs, with cumulatively increasing (10-10,000 microg) doses of ovalbumin (OVA), resulted in dose-dependent and reproducible reductions in lung conductance. The antihistamines mepyramine (1 microM) and metiamide (1 microM), the leukotriene antagonist zafirlukast (0.1 microM), or the ...

In the present study, the effects of an intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) dose of histamine (0.1, 1.0 or 10.0 micrograms) on the hippocampal somatostatin (SS) receptor/effector system in Wistar rats were investigated. In view of the rapid onset of histamine action, the effects of histamine on the somatostatinergic system were studied 2 h after its administration. Hippocampal SS-like immunoreacti...

The human histamine H(4)-receptor (hH(4)R) possesses high constitutive activity and, like the human H(1)-receptor (hH(1)R), is involved in the pathogenesis of type-I allergic reactions. The study aims were to explore the value of dual H(1)/H(4)R antagonists as antiallergy drugs and to address the question of whether H(1)R ligands bind to hH(4)R. In an acute murine asthma model, the H(1)R antago...

MK-212 (1 x 10(-7)M -- 1 x 10(-5)M) produced dose-dependent contractions of guinea pig ileum, taenia coil and rat fundus strip. The responses to MK-212 in all three preparations were blocked competitively by cyproheptadine (1 x 10(-8)M) a 5-HT receptor antagonist. Mepyramine (1 x 10(-8)M)-H1 receptor antagonist also inhibited competitively the responses of guinea pig ileum and taenia coli to MK...

With large numbers of hydroxyl groups, the trimethylsilyl derivatives become too large in mass for the range of many quadrupole mass spectrometers, so methylation is used. However, this would cause problems in structural elucidation since those compounds in which demethylation of the methoxyl or dimethylamino group had taken place would be remethylated, thus obscuring these demethylating proces...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases with effective treatment in paediatrics. The aim of this study is to describe the paediatric prescribing of anti-asthmatics in Castilla-León, analyzing its geographic variability and temporal evolution. MATERIAL AND METHODS An analysis was made of prescriptions dispensed in pharmacies of R03 therapeutic subgroup ...

has postulated that iron deficiency may be a cause of gastritis and gastric secretory failure as well as of other epithelial changes, such as glossitis and pharyngitis. The return of gastric acidity after iron-deficiency anaemia had been cured was reported on several occasions at a time when test meals or small doses of histamine were used to The introduction of maximal histamine stimulation (K...

Histamine H1 receptors have been demonstrated on adherent rheumatoid synovial cells using biochemical and radioligand binding assays in vitro. The addition of histamine (17.8 mumol/l) to nine primary cultures of adherent rheumatoid synovial cells resulted in a two- to 21-fold increase in the production of prostaglandin E (PGE). This increase was inhibited by three H1 receptor antagonists (mepyr...

The interaction of histamine (Hist) and acetylcholine (ACh) on human isolated bronchial smooth muscle (HIBSM) contraction, and the influence of the epithelium, was assessed using HIBSM obtained from 15 patients undergoing thoracotomy. Cumulative concentration effect curves for ACh and Hist, together with combinations of equipotent concentrations of both agonists, were generated using both epith...