for the first time in the history of logic, abd al razzaq al-jili (d. 570/1174), in the treatise al-lame fi al-shakl al-rabe, dealt with the modal syllogisms of the fourth figure. previous to him, dinha, the priest, and ibn salah al-hamadani had discussed the non-modal moods of the fourth figure. jili’s treatise deals only with simple modalities and ignores the complex ones. his pupil, fakhr al...

This paper reviews the treatise on arithmetic which accompanies John Mellis’ 1588 text ‘A Brief Instruction and manner how to keep books of accounts’. The treatise, entitled ‘A Short and plain Treatise of Arithmetic in whole numbers, comprised into a briefer method than hitherto hath bin published’ contains material of considerably more substance than its title suggests. Past assessments of Mel...