Resistance to fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotics in Streptococcus pneumoniae has been attributed primarily to specific mutations in the genes for DNA gyrase (gyrA and gyrB) and topoisomerase IV (parC and parE). Resistance to some FQs can result from a single mutation in one or more of the genes encoding these essential enzymes. A group of 160 clinical isolates of pneumococci was examined in this ...

Sir, Pseudomonas stutzeri is a non-fluorescent denitrifying bacterium widely distributed in the environment and rarely isolated as an opportunistic pathogen from humans. This species accounts for 1%–2% of hospital-acquired Pseudomonas spp. infections. Pseudomonas stutzeri is susceptible to many more antibiotics than the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, its most closely related species. Th...

Campylobacter jejuni ATCC 33560 (CCM 6214) is the qualitycontrol (QC) strain for the antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Campylobacter spp. (1, 6). We have utilized the C. jejuni ATCC 33560 strain in antimicrobial susceptibility testing and in studies to explore antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. In our previous study, C. jejuni ATCC 33560 was a parental strain to induce ciprofloxacin-res...

19 Fluoroquinolones are among the drugs of choice for treatment of salmonella infections. However, 20 fluroquinolone resistance is increasing in salmonella due to chromosomal mutations in the quinolone 21 resistance-determining region (QRDR) of the topoisomerase genes gyrA, gyrB, parC and parE and/or plasmid22 mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) mechanisms including qnr variants, aac(6’)-Ib-cr...

Treatment of infections caused by anaerobic bacteria remains largely empiric, despite recent knowledge and reduced antimicrobial susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics. The objective of this study was to obtain current surveillance data for the Bacteroides fragilis group in Australia. We obtained 255 faecal isolates, 100 derived from the community, 98 derived from hospital high-dependency ...

36 37 The unmet medical need for novel intervention strategies to treat Neisseria gonorrhoeae 38 infections is significant, and is increasing as rapidly emerging resistance in this pathogen is 39 threatening to eliminate currently available treatment options. AZD0914 is a novel bacterial 40 gyrase inhibitor that possesses potent in vitro activity against high-level ciprofloxacin and 41 extended...