Variations introduced to medicinal product documentation must not affect the quality, efficacy, and safety of the product. Croatian Medicinal Products Act and accompanying ordinances are largely aligned with the EU regulations. The EU has now tried to simplify the issue of variations with a new Regulation, creating differences in the definition of and approach to resolving certain types of vari...

Business operations are always under the influence of variations due to change in customer needs, market demands, internal processes and technology upgrades. These changes have direct impact on the performance of IT processes cascading down to the quality of products/services. In order to mitigate the adverse effects due to the variations of the aforementioned, organizations need to understand ...

The evaluation of quality in agricultural products affords many research problems. Primarily, there is the difficulty of defining quality factors and the worker does well to confine his efforts to those correlated with very concrete morphological or chemical differences which are easily measureable. The variations in quality which are noted by consumers may be caused by conditions existing duri...

There is a new "developmental" model for the origins of a wide range of chronic diseases. Under this model the causes to be identified are linked to normal variations in fetoplacental development. These variations are thought to lead to variations in the supply of nutrients to the baby that permanently alter gene expression, a process known as "programming." According to the developmental model...

Ten gerbera cultivars (‘Labinel’, ‘Lilla’, ‘Alp’, ‘Alberino’, ‘Bonnie’, ‘Avemaria’, ‘Mammut’, ‘Lexus’, ‘‘Terramixa ’ & ‘Sarolta’) were evaluated for their growth, yield and quality characteristics under protected conditions during 2011. Among the cultivars studied, there were highly significant variations observed for growth, yield and quality parameters. Longest stalk length (60.3 cm) was exhi...

This study focuses on explaining variations in real constant-quality house prices in jurisdictions located in multiple MSAs. Using a hedonic house price framework, we test competing theories of house price determination. Using two variants of the random coefficients model, we find that public school quality has a very large impact on real constant-quality house prices. Our results suggest that ...

Environmetric techniques such as cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), factor analysis (FA) and discriminant analysis (DA) were applied for the assessment of spatial and temporal variations of a large complex water quality data set of the Songkhram River Basin, generated during 15 years (1995–2009) by monitoring of 17 parameters at 5 different sites. Hierarchical CA grouped...

In this paper, we propose a system level design approach considering voltage over-scaling (VaS) that achieves error resiliency using unequal error protection of different computation elements, while incurring minor quality degradation. Depending on user specifications and severity of process variations/channel noise, the degree of vas in each block of the system is adaptively tuned to ensure mi...

Gordon C. Smith discusses the study by Katy Kozhimannil and colleagues that examines variations in cesarean section rates in the US and argues for the need for high-quality routine data collection to better understand the reasons for these variations. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.