BACKGROUND Translating the extraordinary scientific and technological advances occurring in medical research laboratories into care for patients in communities throughout the country has been a major challenge. One contributing factor has been the relative absence of community practitioners from the US biomedical research enterprise. Identifying and addressing the barriers that prevent their pa...

Research infrastructure – the assets, facilities and services that support research and maintain the capacity of researchers to undertake research – is an important contributor to research excellence. A key theme in the 2008 review of public health research funding in Australia was the need for strategic investment in public health research infrastructure, including centres of research excellen...

Writing the proposal for a qualitative research methodology study is a double challenge because of the emergent nature of qualitative research design and because a methodology study entails describing a process to produce a process. How the authors addressed this challenge is shown in the annotated text of the grant proposal--"Analytic Techniques for Qualitative Metasynthesis"--funded by the Na...

The concept of translational research, which aims to facilitate the application of basic scientific discoveries in clinical and community settings, is currently in vogue. While there are powerful forces driving this trend, support for translational research must be accompanied by a robust investment in basic science, which provides the essential raw material for translation and continues to rep...

Increasing the size of prospective cohorts and biobanks is one approach to discovering previously unknown contributors to complex diseases, but it may come at the price of concealing contributors that are less common across all the participants in those larger studies and of limiting hypothesis generation. Prospective cohorts and biobanks constitute significant, long-term investments in researc...

This paper will examine the use of quantitative and qualitative methods as complementary research methods. It asks the fundamental question whether these two approaches can be used jointly in a principled manner. The pressure in educational research has been towards using the two methods alongside each other. In applied research the use of the two approaches in the same project is accepted yet ...

The Latin American Calculators in Mathematics Education Project (PLACEM) is experimenting with the use of calculators in mathematics teaching in seven Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Mexico and Venezuela. PLACEM has received calculators and some financial support from Texas Instruments. There has been only minor resistance to calculator use, and...

Transformational leadership, initiating structure, and selected substitutes for leadership were studied as longitudinal predictors of performance in 118 research and development (R&D) project teams from 5 firms. As hypothesized, transformational leadership predicted 1-year-later technical quality, schedule performance, and cost performance and 5-year-later profitability and speed to market. Ini...

Complementing the broader project of treating human subjects research regulation (including “informed consent”) as an ethnographic object, this article scrutinizes the category research: that about which research subjects may (in some way) be informed, to which they may (or may not) consent, and in which they may (variously) participate. What is “research”? When does it begin and end? What is t...

Addressing genetics, risk modeling, molecular targets for chemoprevention, clinical prevention trials, behavioral prevention research, public policy, and more, the Fifth Annual International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research, held in Boston, Massachusetts, in November 2006, added an outstanding new chapter to the landmark AACR Frontiers program for advancing the science and ...