Electric vehicles have a relatively long charging time and a relatively short range. Estimating a vehicle’s consumption and range is therefore crucial. Range will depend on the average speed, top speeds, ascent and descent, battery temperature and battery condition. Judging the range of a vehicle is thus not a directly linear function of the distance to cover. This nonlinearity leads to mistrus...

The personal electric vehicle (PEV) emerged as a new category of transportation device in the late 1990s. PEVs transport a single passenger over trip distances of 1–10 km and employ electricity as the motive energy source. The category is principally comprised of electric-powered scooters and cycles. Personal electric vehicles offer several potential benefits to consumers and to society includi...

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) technology has the potential to help address economic, environmental, and national security concerns in the United States by reducing operating cost, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and petroleum consumption from the transportation sector. However, the net effects of PHEVs depend critically on vehicle design, battery technology, and charging frequency. To e...

In this work the fuel consumption of two vehicles is compared. For investigating the fuel consumption a whole vehicle simulation is developed with the SmartPowerTrains library and the SmartElectricDrives library. Both librarys are written in Modelica language. As a reference vehicle a conventional vehicle with manual transmission is modeled. A parallel hybrid electric vehicle with a starter/gen...

Due to increasing regulation on emissions and shifting consumer preferences, the wide adoption of battery electric vehicles (BEV) hinges research development technologies that can extend system range. This be accomplished either by size or via more efficient operation electrical thermal systems. study endeavours accomplish latter through comparative investigation BEV integrated management (ITMS...