Adsorption of therapeutic proteins to material surfaces can be a pivotal issue in drug development, especially for low concentration products. Surfactants are used limit adsorption losses. For each formulation component, surface is the result combination its diffusion and rates. The latter difficult measure accurately because depletion layer forms rapidly bulk solution above bare surface, slowi...

We have developed a method to study transition pathways for rare events in complex systems. The method can be used to determine rate constants for transitions between stable states by turning the calculation of reactive flux correlation functions into the computation of an isomorphic reversible work. In contrast to previous dynamical approaches, the method relies neither on prior knowledge nor ...

1. Leucocyte electrolytes were measured in pre-eclampsia and comparison was made with leucocytes from normal primigravidae and from the original pre-eclamptic subjects 6 months after delivery when blood pressure had returned to normal. 2. In pre-eclamptic subjects, leucocyte sodium was elevated and potassium depressed, and the rate constant for sodium efflux was depressed. 3. These changes retu...

Intrinsic rate constants play a dominant role in the theory of diffusion-influenced reactions, but usually as abstract quantities that are implicitly assumed to be known. However, recently it has become clear that modeling complex processes requires explicit knowledge of these intrinsic rates. In this paper we provide microscopic expressions for the intrinsic rate constants for association and ...

Temperature dependency of rate constants of edible oil's autoxidation was estimated. One of us showed"' that the rate process of autoxidation of edible oils was expressed by an equation as below, and that the effects of brightness on the rate constants, ko, k,, k2, and k3, in the equation could be measured individually. dP/dt=k0M+k1MP-2k2P2-k3P Here, P is the concentration [mmol/kg-oil] of pero...

Methods are described for estimation of kinetic constants from the integrated rate equations for a number of reaction mechanisms. In general, these ( methods depend upon elimination of either zero order or fist order terms between rate curves determined at two initial substrate concentrations or more. This operation is followed by graphic or statistical evaluation of the kinetic constants in th...

Properties of maximum likelihood estimators of rate constants for channel mechanisms are investigated, to see what can and cannot be inferred from experimental results. The implementation of the HJCFIT method is described; it maximises the likelihood of an entire sequence of apparent open and shut times, with the rate constants in a specified reaction mechanism as free parameters. The exact met...

Evaluation of right ventricular (RV) oxidative metabolism is limited by the inability to easily determine oxygen extraction by the RV myocardium and the complex morphology of this ventricle. Because left ventricular C-11 clearance rate constants closely correlate with myocardial oxygen consumption, it was postulated that C-11 clearance rate constants for the RV free wall should also reflect its...