1. Background Currently, grand-scale synchrotron radiation facilities, where high-quality X-ray sources are available in wide energy ranges from the softto hardX-ray regions, have significantly advanced the performance characteristics of analytical technologies using the fluorescence, absorption and diffraction effects of X-rays in various materials. The application of X-ray microscopy with the...

The application of se:veral ray-tracing techniques, in combination with GTDKJTD (Geometrical Theory of Diffraction/Uniform Theory of Diffraction), for an efficient analysis of propagation in urban scenarios is presented. The frequency of the analysis is in the UHF band, and a three-dimensional model of the geometry, using flat facets, is considered. After a review of the most commonly used ray-...

nickel hydroxide nanostructures were synthesized by a hydrothermal reaction. the effect of different precursors and surfactants on the morphology of nickel hydroxide nanostructures was investigated. nanostructures were characterized by x-ray diffraction, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and fourier transform infrared  spectroscopy. the influence of ni(oh)2 nano...

Studying the structure of disordered and partially ordered materials is notoriously difficult. Recently, significant advances have been made using the atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis of powder diffraction data coupled with the use of advanced X-ray and neutron sources and fast computers. Here we summarize some of the more spectacular successes of this technique in studying the ...

Catalyst-free growth of boron carbide nanowires is achieved by pyrolysis of diborane and methane at 650–750 -C and around 500 mTorr in a quartz tube furnace. Electron-diffraction analysis using a novel diffraction-scanning transmission electron microscopy (D-STEM) technique indicates that the crystalline nanowires are single-crystal orthorhombic boron carbide. TEM images show that the nanowires...

Antimony cluster thin films have been synthesized by the newly-developed low energy cluster beam deposition technique. Proton-induced X-ray emission analysis shows absence of any foreign impurity even at ppm level. Structural analysis by glancing angle X-ray diffraction indicates presence of rhombohedral Sb along with Sb-oxides. Transmission electron microscopy micrographs for 20 Å and 100 Å fi...

X-ray powder diffraction provides a direct analysis of phase abundance of portland cement clinkers and cements. The ASTM C01 (Cement) Committee formed a task group to investigate quantitative X-ray powder diffraction analysis that resulted in the ASTM C 1365 standard test for X-ray powder diffraction of portland cement clinker and portland cement. Estimates of test precision and bias are requir...

nano-zeolite coapo-5 as a member of afi family, was synthesized via a hydrothermal treatment, and structurally characterized using x-ray diffraction (xrd), scanning electron microscope (sem), and energy dispersive x-ray analysis (edax). the effects of crystallization temperature and time on the structure of these powder products were studied. xrd patterns of the synthesized powders revealed a h...

A continuous mesostructured silica film with uniaxially aligned hexagonal mesochannels is obtained on a silica glass substrate using a rubbing -treated thin polyimide coating on the substrate. The mesochannels in the film are aligned perpendicular to the rubbing direction. To analyze the mesostructured thin films we used a conventional line-focus x-ray diffraction and a two-dimensional (2-D) X-...

A new schiartane-type nortriterpenoid, micrandilactone H was isolated from Kadsuralongipedunculata Finet et Gagnep. Its 2D (two dimension) structure was elucidated by NMR spectroscopic analysis, and it is similar to that of Kadnanolactones H and the absolute configuration was established through X-ray diffraction and ECD data analysis. This represents the first complete assignment of the absolu...