Frenal attachments are thin folds of mucous membrane with enclosed muscle fibers that attach the lips to the alveolar mucosa and underlying periosteum. Most often, during the oral examination of the patient the dentist gives very little importance to the frenum. The frena may jeopardize the gingival health when they are attached too closely to the gingival margin, either due to interference in ...

PURPOSE Classic teaching suggests that surgery for intermittent exotropia should be based on distance/near differences. True divergence excess exotropia should be treated with symmetric lateral rectus recession. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of large bilateral lateral rectus (LR) recession in large-angle intermittent exotropia. METHODS Thirty-three consecutive patients w...

Gingival recession is common in many patients, and generally is associated with periodontal disease, inadequate toothbrushing, and repeated periodontal instrumentation, among other etiologies. Gingival recession as a consequence of regular toothbrushing has been reported, and can be observed even in young populations with well-established habits of oral hygiene. Gingival recession also is assoc...

Gingival recession is the most common mucogingival deformity and should be treated at its earliest detection. Exposed root surfaces are more likely to develop root sensitivity and root caries and pose esthetic problems. Among various procedures, laterally positioned pedicle graft (LPG) is widely used successfully to cover Miller’s class-I and Class-II recession defects. The main advantages of t...

Young People and the Great Recession This article reviews the effects of the Great Recession on youth labour markets. We argue that young people aged 16-24 have suffered disproportionately during the recession. Using the USA and UK as case studies, we analyse youth unemployment using microdata. We argue that there is convincing evidence that the effects of unemployment when young impose costs o...

A subset B of a closed convex set A is recession-compatible with respect to A if A can be expressed as the Minkowski sum of B and the recession cone of A. We show that if A contains no line, then there exists a recession-compatible subset of A that is minimum with respect to set inclusion. The proof only uses basic facts of convex analysis and does not depend on Zorn’s Lemma. An application of ...

One of the most common esthetic concerns associated with the periodontal tissues is gingival recession. Gingival recession is the exposure of root surfaces due to apical migration of the gingival tissue margins; gingival margin migrates apical to the cementoenamel junction. Although it rarely results in tooth loss, marginal tissue recession is associated with thermal and tactile sensitivity, es...

A macroeconometric model is used to examine possible causes of the 2008-2009 U.S. recession. The results suggest that about 30 percent of the recession so far (through 2008:4) is due to four unexplained shocks to the nondurable and durable consumption equations, 21 percent to the fall in equity wealth, 8 percent to the fall in housing wealth, 19 percent to import price shocks, and 22 percent to...

This paper studies the responses of unemployment in Germany, the United States and Britain to the Great Recession of 2008-09 by making use of Beveridge curve analysis, and in the entire OECD with other techniques. It is shown that Britain suffered from recession but no structural problems; the United States suffered from structural unemployment during the recovery; Germany exhibited a much bett...

Background: Apical shifting of marginal gingiva results into gingival recession whether occuring locally or in generalized form is a common and undesirable condition. Treatment results and prognoses of Miller's Class IV gingival recession defects using presently available surgical techniques are not satisfactory. The present case was done with aim and objective of establishing a new technique f...